1. Hōʻikeʻike
Cf8 steines kila, i kapa pinepineʻia e like me honu cf8, e hōʻike ana i ka mea i kauʻia e like me ka hana 304 kila kohu ʻole.
Me kahi chelanced chemistry-a i 0.08 % KālekaʻAʻI, 18-20 % Chromium, a 8-10.5 % ʻO Nickel-CF8 e hui pū i ka pale o ka corrosioni 304 Me ka hoʻolālāʻana o keʻano o ka hoʻoleiʻana.
Ma ka hopena, E hoʻokaʻawale i nā mīkini cf8 i loko Nā kino kino, ʻO nā hale kūʻai kūʻai, and ʻO nā hana paʻa kahi e hoʻokūkū ai i nā geometries a me nāʻano hoʻohālikelike.
Kahiki, ka shift mai ka hana 304 pepa i nā huahana Nā'āpana CF8 hoʻomaka ma ke kenekulia waena.
Loaʻa ka loaʻa iʻikeʻiaʻo Molten CF8 i hoʻopiha i nā hiʻohiʻona paʻakikī.
NOEHUI, Cf8 underpins he ākea ākea o nā lako hanaʻoihana, Mai nā mea hana uila i ma haole featty.
2. Kinohi & Metralurgy
Cf8 steelless sweel-studed studed e like me ka mea e kauʻia ana o ka hana 304 kila kohu ʻole-ʻOihana i kahi hui kūpono kūpono kūpono i hoʻolālāʻia e hāʻawi i nā pale kū'ē maikaʻi loa, ikaika, a me ka pā.
Ma keʻano he papa maʻamau ma lalo o Astm A351 a me Astm A743, ʻO CF8 ka hahaiʻana i nā palena pili kiko'ī e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi a me ka hana ma nā noi hana.
ʻO keʻano koho (Kaupaona pakeneka, %)
| Mua | Anter (%) | Hana |
|---|---|---|
| KālekaʻAʻI (C) | ≤ «.08 | Hoʻopili i ka hana kaʻa kaʻa; hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paleʻana o ka corrosion |
| Chromium (Cr) | 18.0-20.0 | Hoʻolako i ka oxidation a me ke kū'ēʻana |
| Nickel (I) | 8.0-10.5 | Hoʻonui i ka ductitive a paʻakikī; stabilizes austetitic style |
| Mang kāne (Mn) | Ç1.5-2.0 | Deoxididhier; hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai hana wela |
| Silikino (A) | ≤.5 | E hoʻolaha i ka limu i ka lawaiʻaʻana; E hana e like me Deoxidizer |
| Phoshorus (P) | Ç,.04 | Kāohiʻia e pale i ka maʻi |
| Sulfur (S) | Ç,.04 | Ho'ēmiʻia e hōʻemi i ka nānāʻana i keʻano wela |
| 'Eron (Lia) | Kaulike | Kumu kumu matrix element |
Ua paʻiʻia kēiaʻano hoʻohālikelike 304 kila kohu ʻole, akā,ʻo keʻano cheelless cheel cf8 e hoʻolimalima i kahi hapa nui o D - Ferrite-Typically 3-7%-I mea e pale ai i ka huki wela i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai.
Loaʻa pinepine ka hana loaʻa 4-6% ferrite ma ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i nā kumukūʻai maloʻo a ma o nā silini liʻiliʻi a iʻole nā mea nitrogen.
Ke hoʻololiʻana mai ka wai e paʻa ai, Cf8 undergoes a ʻO ka hoʻoponoponoʻana a Austente ukali e a ferrite-Austention hoʻololi I nā'āina interdendritic.
ʻO kēia Duplex Microstructure paʻakikī and ʻO ka hiki ke hopu.
Eia hou, ʻO ka heleʻana o nā curbs Δ-ferrite curbs i ka uluʻana o nāʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa ma nā palena palaoa, No laila e hōʻemi i ka hopena o hōʻikeʻike I ka wā o ka wā hana.
3. Nā kūlana, Kōkua kikowaena & Nā kiko'ī
ʻO nā kiko'ī o kaʻoihana anchor cf8 o ka maikaʻi:
- Astm A351 / A743 Hoʻolālā iā CF8 ma lalo o nā mea hoʻowalewale i hoʻoleiʻole a me nā loulou US J92900.
- MaʻEulopa, Cf8 e pili ana i Hoʻokahi-n -js 304 (1.4372) a me iso 17916.
- Papa inoa o Iapana e papa iā ia Fc304 wale nō.
ʻO nā palapala hana maʻamau e kāhea ana ʻO ka nānāʻana o ka radiographic, ʻO ka loiloi Chemical I loko o ± 0.03 % o Maimil, and paʻakikī paʻakikī no 200 HB.
ʻO kēlā mau mea hōʻoia e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hana kūlike i ka hana ma ka hoʻoponoponoʻana a me ka lawelawe mechanical.
4. O ka kino & Nā mea iʻikeʻia o ke kila cf8
Cf8 steines kila, ka mea mālama i ka counterpart o AISI 304, ua hōʻailonaʻia no kona ikaika ikaika, kumaikalua, a me ke kū'ēʻana.
ʻO kēia mau hiʻohiʻona e koho ai i kahi koho VERS i kohoʻia ma nāʻoihana he nui-mai ke kālepaʻana i ke kālepaʻana i nā noi ma mua.
Aia ma lalo nei kahi hoʻomaha kiko'ī o kāna ʻO nā waiwai pilikino a me nā mīkini, Kākoʻoʻia e kaʻikepili kūpono.
Nā Pīkuhi Propertinies (ʻOihana lumi)
| Waiwai | Waiwai maʻamau | Nā memo |
|---|---|---|
| Ikaika ikaika | ≥485 mpa (70 ksi) | E hōʻoia i ka hana kūpono ma lalo o ke kaumaha |
| Ka ikaika (0.2% Kahiki) | ≥205 mpa (30 ksi) | Lawa no nā noi haʻahaʻa |
| Ewangantion | ≥30% | E hōʻike ana i nā mea maikaʻi loa a me ka formability |
| Hālulu (Mauka Hbwl) | ~ 150-190 | Ke hilinaʻi nei i ka uku hoʻomehana a me nā micsstructure |
| Hopena paʻakikī (Lihua) | > 80 j ma 20 ° C | ʻO nāʻano like me kaʻikepili Δ-ferrite a me ke kiʻekiʻe |
ʻO kēia mau waiwai kūpono Astm A351 / A743 nā koi a hiki ke loli iki i keʻano o ke kumu kūʻai, ʻO ka hana wela, a me ke geometry o ka mea.
Nā Pūnaewele Pūnaewele
| Waiwai | Waiwai maʻamau | Nā memo |
|---|---|---|
| Huakai | ~ 7.9 g / cm³ | Hoʻohālikelikeʻia e hana ai 304 |
| Hoʻohemo melū | 1400-1450 ° C | Mea nui no ka loaʻaʻana o nā mea i kauʻia |
| Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua | 16.2 W / m 0 ° c | Haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kila carbon; pili i ka hoʻokaʻawale wela |
| ʻO ka mana wela | ~ 55 j / kik · K | ʻO keʻano o ke aniani thermal |
| Ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka | 17.2 μM / m · m · ° C (20-100 ° C) | Pono e noʻonoʻoʻia i nā noi cycling |
| ʻO keʻano o ka uila | 0.72 μ · · m | Maʻamau no nā helu Austetitic |
ʻO keʻano hoʻohālikelike kiʻekiʻe
CF8 e uku i ka ikaika kūpono i ka ~ 400 ° C (752 ° F), ma mua o ka mea eʻohi ai a me ka nānāʻana e hōʻemi i ka hana mechanical a me ka hana corrosione.
ʻo ia ʻaʻole i'ōleloʻia no ka lawelawe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma luna o kēiaʻano Ināʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻaʻia a hoʻololiʻia paha.
ʻO kaʻeha a me ka paleʻana
- Ka ikaika momona (10⁷ nā kupu): Hekikai no AiON (35 ksi) I ka lewa ma Rt
- Pale pale: ʻAeʻia no ka mālamalama i ke kaumaha koʻikoʻi akāʻaʻole kūpono no ka lōʻihi o keʻano kiʻekiʻe-lōʻihi e like me cf8c a iʻole nā mea wela wela.
Markinpalibility
ʻOiaiʻaʻole e like me ka hana manuahi e like me kekahi mau ferritic a iʻole marlietic art, ʻO nā makanaʻo Stoelless Che8 Palapala maikai No kahi alloytitic alloy.
Nā mea hana me nā kihiʻokiʻoki, Nā meaʻai kūpono / wikiwiki, a ua manaʻoʻia nā'ōnaehana lole.
Ia ʻO keʻano non-magnetic Ma nā moku'āina Austetetic e hiki ke loaʻa i nā wahi i kohoʻia.
5. Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion
CF8 REXLES IN Genenation Corrison ʻO nā scucaos-resinging dilite ecite a chlodes a hiki i 200 ppm ma keʻano ambied.
Ia ʻO ka heluʻana i keʻano kūlike (Wood) o na 17 e hōʻike ana i kahi hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi loa 304, ke unuhiʻana i nā manawa hoʻomaka 20-30 % lōʻihi i 3.5 % Nā Holo Ucl.
Eia naʻe, Cf8 mau mea e hiki ai i ka ʻO ke kūleʻaʻana o ke kalaʻana (SCC) I ka High-Chorideide, ʻO nā wahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
E hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā SCC, Hoʻopili pinepine nā mea hoʻolālā i nā lawelawe lawelawe < 60 ° C a iʻole e kuhikuhi i CF8m / cf3m (Me ka molybdelum) No nā kūlana Harse.
6. Whola & Loaʻa nā hana loaʻa o CF8 Stielless Steel
Cf8 steelless steel-had cheel-sped e like me ka hana i 304-e hāʻawi i nā mea kūʻai aku maikaʻi loa e hiki ai i ka hana o nā geometries paʻakikī, Ke hoʻoikaika nei i nā'āpana, a me nā mea hoʻoponopono resoronion-resistant.
ʻO kona wahi noho i kekahi o nā kumu nui no kona hoʻohanaʻana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea hanaʻoihana. Aia ma lalo nei he loiloi loea i kāna hanaʻana i keʻano o ka hanaʻana a me nā hana maikaʻi maikaʻi loa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hale hoʻokipa
Maikaʻi maikaʻi
Cf8 steels steel reelless i hoʻololi i ka loli maikaʻi, e hiki ai i ka mea e hoʻopiha i nā collies mold.
He mea nui kēia no ka hanaʻana i nā'āpana me nā paia a iʻole nā kiko'ī maikaʻi.
ʻO keʻano o ka pākaukau maʻamau 1450° C i 1550 ° C, Ke hilinaʻi nei ma kahi'āpana o ke geometry a me nā'āpana'āpana.
ʻO ka nui o nā'āpana manuahi
ʻO nā kila cheelless cf8 i hoʻopaʻaʻia ma luna o kahi mahana o ka mahana o kahi kokoke 50-80 ° C, e hana hou ana i micro-poososity and Nā hemahema ua hoʻohālikelikeʻia i nā mea me nā mea hoʻoponopono paʻaʻole.
E like me ia, ʻO nā'ōnaehana kūpono kūpono a me nā hoʻolālā kū'ē he mea nui loa.
Shlain shrik (~ 1.8-2.2%)
Ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana o ka alloy i ka wā e wānanaʻia ana ka hoʻoponoponoʻana, ʻaeʻia i nā mea i hoʻolālā i nā molds me nā mea e pono ai a me nā uku uku e loaʻa ai ka hōʻoia o ka dimensional.
Ke kū'ēʻana i ke kīwī wela
Ka heleʻana o kahi liʻiliʻi o Kālā D-Ferrite (3-7%) Ma nā micrstructure hoʻonui i ke kū'ēʻana i keʻano wela a me ka hukiʻana i ka wā hoʻomaha, ʻoi aku ma kahi o nā'āpana thicker.
ʻO nā hana kūʻai akuʻana no ka cheel che8
| Ke Kūleʻa Kūlana | Nā hiʻohiʻona nui | Loaʻa | Nā noi maʻamau |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sand cread | Hoʻohana i nā molū o ke kaʻa; He kūpono no ka noʻonoʻoʻana i nā'āpana nui | Kumukūʻai-kūpono no nā helu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa; Kākoʻo i nā geomet paʻakikī | Nā kino kino, ʻO nā hale kūʻai kūʻai, pipet complees, uhiʻehā |
| Hoʻolei kālā (Makemake Wax) | E hana i nā hale kūʻai kiʻekiʻe-pololei me nā kiko'ī maikaʻi a me nā papa kūpono | Hoʻopau maikaʻi loa (Ra < 3 }m), nā hoʻomanawanui paʻa (± 0.1-0.2 mm), Kālā Minu ma ke kālaiʻia | ʻO nā hana paʻa, Nā Māhele kā Aerospace, Nā Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai |
| Nā pāpale pīpī pale | ʻO ka pākuʻu ma ke kuapoʻana o ka pākuni | ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka dimeional kiʻekiʻe ma luna o keʻano'ōmaʻomaʻo; Hoʻopau maikaʻi loa | Na Mea Holomua, Nā'āpana kiko liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi |
| ʻO Centricugual kāhea | Ua nininiʻiaʻo Italia i loko o kahi pale; hana i nā'āpana cylindrical | ʻAno kiʻekiʻe-density, Minor Poossity, ʻO ka ikaika maikaʻi loa i ke ala radial | Pipes, Bussings, moe 'ana, ʻO nā cylinders hydraulic |
| Ke hoʻomau mau nei (Ua makeʻo Gravity) | Hoʻohana i nā mea hao maikaʻiʻole (rare no cf8 ma muli o nā kaumaha) | Hoʻopau maikaʻi loa; ʻO ka manawa wikiwiki wikiwiki no nā geometr maʻalahi | Nā Pāʻani Pōmi Pūnaewele, Nā Koho Pūnaewele (Hoʻopau i ka CF8 no ka chull e likeʻole) |
| Hoolei Momi (Koho koho) | Hana ma lalo o ka hōʻemiʻana i ke kaomi e kaupalena ai i ka poosity space | E hoʻonui i ka maʻemaʻe, hoʻemi i nā incusions, hoʻomaikaʻi i nā momona a me ka hana noʻonoʻo | ʻO nā hale kiaʻi kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka nuklea, olakino, a me nā'āpana hemika |
7. Welding & ʻO ka hana wela
CF8 WELDS i maʻalahi me Er304 Oole Er304l Nā Peila. E palena hōʻikeʻike, Mālama nā mea lole ʻO ka hoʻokomo wela mawaena 1.0-2.0 kj / mm a me ka kāohi i nā mahana ma lalo 250 ° C.
Post-weld Hoʻoholo hōʻoluʻolu a 1 040-1 100 ° C-ʻOiʻiʻia e ka quanching-hoʻihoʻi hou i ke kū'ēʻana.
HE MAU NUI, kaumaha kaumaha a 650-750 ° C Hoʻemi i ke kaumaha koʻikoʻi me kaʻole o ka paʻakikī paʻakikī.
8. Nā noi o cf8 steelle
ʻO ke kālepaʻana o ke kālepaʻana
Pumps, Nā Vilves, pipet complees, a me nā'āpana agitator
Wai & ʻO ka hana hoʻopau
Nā'ōnaehana pāʻani kali, nā kino valve, hoiuliu
Meaʻai & Nā Hana Hana
Nā Velurary Vilves, nā mea hana wela, Momoterl, a me nā'āpana
Marine & Manuahi manuahika
Deck fittys, wai kai, ʻO nā hale
ʻO nā'ōnaehana Pharmaceutical
Maemae-in (Cipi) Piping, sterile cocainers, Na Mea Holomua
Ikaika & Mana pā'āʻu
Nā'oluaʻo Turche, nā mea kālepa i kauʻia, kākoʻo i nā hana kākoʻo
9. Hoʻohālikelike me nā mea'ē aʻe
| Waiwai | Cf8 steines kila | Cf8m stainless kila | Cf3 / Cf3m (Haʻahaʻa-c) | Ui | ʻO ka hao hao |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion | Maikaʻi loa | Kūpono (ʻO nā chrides) | Kūpono (post-weld) | Ilihune (koe wale nō) | Ilihune loa (koi i ka uhi) |
| Wawahua | Maikaʻi loa, kekahi pilikia paʻakikī | Maikaʻi loa | Kūpono | Maikaʻi loa | Kūpono |
| Wood (Piko kuhikuhi) | ~ 17 | ~ 25-27 | ~ 25-28 | <10 (ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau) | <10 |
| Ikaika ikaika | ~ 485 MPA | ~ 485 MPA | ~ 450-480 Mpa | ~ 450-550 mpa | ~ 415-485 mpa |
Markinpalibility |
Loli | Loli | Loli | Maikaʻi loa | Kūpono |
| Paʻa wela | E piʻi i ~ 400 ° C | E piʻi i ~ 400 ° C | E piʻi i ~ 400 ° C | ~ 300-400 ° C | ~ 400 ° C |
| Huakai | ~ 7.9 g / cm³ | ~ 7.9 g / cm³ | ~ 7.9 g / cm³ | ~ 70 g / cm³ | ~ 7.,85 G / cm³ |
| Kālā (Pili pili) | Kūpono | High | High | Hoʻohaʻahaʻa | Haʻahaʻa loa |
| E hoʻohana i nā hihia maikaʻi loa | ʻO General Corrisio-resistant shops | Marine, Kekau, lawelawe acidic | Welded, kūleʻa, a iʻole nā'ōnaehana koʻikoʻi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa | Nā'āpana hoʻonohonoho, urowing, Bakesplates | Kūhae, nā wahi maloʻo me ka uhi |
10. Kū like & Nā innovations ma CF8 Stielless Steel
ʻO ka hoʻomohalaʻana o nāʻano likeʻole
E'ōlelo i ka uluʻana o ka uluʻana no ka paleʻana o ka corrosion kiʻekiʻe i loko o nā hoʻolaha hoʻohālikelike, Ke nānā nei ka noiʻiʻana i ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana iā CF8 ʻO ka modealying a me ka hoʻoponoponoʻana.
Hoʻoponopono i ka ratite-ausdite, e kāohi ana i ka ferrite delta, a me ka hoʻohuiʻana i nā mea trace e like me nihibium (Nb) and Mybridelu (Mo) hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kū'ēʻana i ke kū'ēʻana a me ka paʻaʻana o ka mīkini.
- Hybrid CF8 me nā mea i hoʻopiliʻia (~ 5-7%) ke kūkuluʻia nei e kaulike i ka pale kaulike a me ka ikaika.
- ʻO ka molybdelum-enriced cf8 variants e hana ma keʻano he koho waena ma waena o cf8 a me CF8M, Hāʻawi i keʻano o ka paleʻana i ka paleʻana me ke kumukūʻai piha o 316l equivalents.
Mea hoʻohuiʻaha (AmU) Hoʻohui
ʻO kekahi o nā innovations maikaʻi loa i loko o ke kāheaʻana i ka Hoʻohuiʻia o ka hoʻohui hoʻohuiʻana (AmU) Hana Hoʻolālā, loa Hoʻopiliʻiaʻo Binder Jetting a me ka Hoʻomoe i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka ikehu.
ʻOiaiʻo CF8 ka mea maʻamau e hoʻoleiʻia ma ke one a iʻole nā mea hoʻolimalima kālā, Hybrid am-canging nā hana hana i kēia manawa:
- Rapid prototyping o nā geomet o nā geomex paʻakikī
- ʻO ka hana kokoke-wahi-ʻano e pili ana i nā'āpana liʻiliʻi a iʻole nā'āpana'āpana
- Ho'ēmi i nā meaʻona a me ka manawa alakaʻi
Nāʻoihana e like me Aerospace, olakino, a me ka paleʻana eʻimi nei i ka cf8 fabricated cf8 a iʻole nā kaulike 304l no ka māmā no ka māmā, Nā Kūlana Corrosionion-resistant.
Kālā papaaina & Nā pāpale
E hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o ka hana o CF8 i nā'āpana kiʻekiʻe a iʻole nā wahi e kū ai, Nā hana hoʻololi i hoʻohuiʻia ke hana nei ia. Hoʻopili kēia:
- Nā Palapala Kūʻai'ormal (E.g., Cr7c2-NICR) E hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paleʻana
- Electropophinging a E hōʻemi i ka paʻakikī o ka paʻakikī a hoʻomaikaʻi i keʻano
- Laser cladding No ka hoʻonohonohoʻana i ka pūnaewele a me ka paleʻana i ka pale
ʻO kēia mau hana e hoʻonui pinepineʻia no CF8 mau'āpana i ka Marine, Kekau, a me nā'āpana o nā mea lapaʻau.
11. Hopena
Cf8 cheintless steel res res res res i koho i kahi koho kākau no hana-hana, paʻakikī-geometry hoʻolei i nā māhele.
Ma ka noʻonoʻo ponoʻana i kāna chemistry, Nā hana hana, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i post-weld, Hiki i nā mea mīkini ke harness cf8's kumukūʻai-kūpono, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, and ʻO ka hilinaʻi koʻikoʻi.
No nā wahi moe, ʻO CF8m a iʻole CF3M hāʻawi i ka hana i hoʻonuiʻia ma kahi uku haʻahaʻa.
LangHe ʻO ke koho kūpono kūpono no kāu hana hana e pono ai inā makemakeʻoe i ka maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe kila kohu ʻole KAHOu.
FaqS
Q: ʻO keʻano nui ma waena o CF8 a me CF8M?
A: Cf8m i loaʻa iā Molybdenum (~ 2-3%), ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i kona paleʻana i ka pitting a me nā crevice corrosion i hoʻohālikelikeʻia i cf8.
Q: Hiki iā CF8 e welded?
A: ʻAe, Cf8 i welltable under us304 / 304l filler color. Ua'ōleloʻiaʻo Post-Weld Reposing Anneataling e hoʻihoʻi hou i ke kū'ēʻana.
Q: Is cf8 magnetic?
A: E like me kahi kila Austetitic, ʻO CF8 ka mea maʻamauʻaʻole maʻamau i loko o ka moku'āina. ʻO ka hana anuanu a iʻole ka hana wela wela e hoʻohālikelike ai i ka magneism liʻiliʻi.
Q: He aha ka nui o ke kiʻekiʻe cf8 hiki ke hoʻopaʻaʻia?
A: Mālamaʻo CF8 i ka ikaika pono e pili ana i ka 400 ° C. Ka hōʻike lōʻihi ma luna o 450 ° C e hiki i ke kumu e pili ana i ka embrittlement a iʻole ka noʻonoʻo.
Q: He aha nā noi maʻamau o CF8?
A: Nā Vilves, Nā kāpili pump, Mary Ples, nā lako hana meaʻai, a me nā mea kanu lāʻau lapaʻau.
Q: Pehea e hoʻohālikelike ai ke CF8 i ka hao ductile?
A: Cf8 e hāʻawi i nā pale o ka corrosior corrosinion akā ma ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka haoʻo Duclet he cheaper akāʻaʻole pono no nā wahi e kū'ē ai.
