Punti ta 'tidwib ta' metalli u ligi komuni
Il-punt tat-tidwib ta 'materjal - definit bħala t-temperatura li fiha jgħaddi minn solidu għal likwidu taħt pressjoni atmosferika standard - hija proprjetà fundamentali fix-xjenza tal-materjali.
Punti ta 'tidwib ta' metalli puri
Il-punti ta 'tidwib ta' metalli puri huma kkaratterizzati sew u jservu bħala valuri ta 'referenza fl-industrija u l-akkademja. It-tabella hawn taħt tippreżenta l-punti ta 'tidwib ta' metalli ta 'inġinerija komuni madwar Celsius (° C.), Fahrenheit (° F.), u Kelvin (K):
| Metall | Punt ta 'tidwib (° C.) | (° F.) | (K) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminju (Al) | 660 | 1220 | 933 |
| Antimonju (Sb) | 631 | 1168 | 904 |
| Barju (Ba) | 727 | 1341 | 1000 |
| Berillju (BE) | 1287 | 2349 | 1560 |
| Bismut (Bi) | 271 | 520 | 544 |
| Kadmju (CD) | 321 | 610 | 594 |
| Kalċju (Ca) | 842 | 1548 | 1115 |
| Kromju (Cr) | 1907 | 3465 | 2180 |
| Kobalt (Ko) | 1495 | 2723 | 1768 |
| Ram (Cu) | 1085 | 1985 | 1358 |
| Disprosju (Dy) | 1412 | 2574 | 1685 |
| Erbium (IS) | 1529 | 2784 | 1802 |
| Europium (Eu) | 822 | 1512 | 1095 |
| Francium (Fr) | ~ 27 (Lvant.) | ~ 80 | ~ 300 |
| Gallium (Ga) | 30 | 86 | 303 |
| Ġermanja (Ge) | 938 | 1720 | 1211 |
| Deheb (Au) | 1064 | 1947 | 1337 |
| Hafnium (Hf) | 2233 | 4051 | 2506 |
| Holmium (To) | 1474 | 2685 | 1747 |
| Indju (Fi) | 157 | 315 | 430 |
| Ħadid (Fe) | 1538 | 2800 | 1811 |
| Lanthanum (Il) | 920 | 1688 | 1193 |
| Ċomb (PB) | 327 | 621 | 600 |
| Litju (Li) | 180 | 356 | 453 |
| Manjesju (Mg) | 650 | 1202 | 923 |
| Manganiż (Mn) | 1246 | 2275 | 1519 |
| Merkurju (Hg) | −38.83 | −37.89 | 234.32 |
| Molibdenu (Mo) | 2623 | 4753 | 2896 |
| Neodymium (Nd) | 1021 | 1870 | 1294 |
| Nickel (Fi) | 1455 | 2651 | 1728 |
| Niobium (NB) | 2477 | 4491 | 2750 |
| Osmium (OS) | 3033 | 5491 | 3306 |
| Palladju (Pd) | 1555 | 2831 | 1828 |
| Fosfru (P, aħmar) | ~ 590 | ~ 1094 | ~ 863 |
| Platinu (Pt) | 1768 | 3214 | 2041 |
| Plutonju (Pu) | 639 | 1182 | 912 |
| Potassju (K) | 63.5 | 146.3 | 336.6 |
| Rhenium (Re) | 3186 | 5767 | 3459 |
| Rhodium (RH) | 1964 | 3567 | 2237 |
| Rubidium (RB) | 39.3 | 102.7 | 312.5 |
| Samarium (Sm) | 1072 | 1962 | 1345 |
| Skandju (Sc) | 1541 | 2806 | 1814 |
| Selenju (Ma ') | 221 | 430 | 494 |
| Silikon (U) | 1414 | 2577 | 1687 |
| Fidda (Ag) | 962 | 1764 | 1235 |
| Sodju (Na) | 97.8 | 208 | 371 |
| Strontium (Sr) | 777 | 1430 | 1050 |
| Kubrit (S) | 115.2 | 239.4 | 388.3 |
| Tantalu (Tiffaċċja) | 3017 | 5463 | 3290 |
| Tellurium (Il) | 449.5 | 841.1 | 722.6 |
| Thallium (Tl) | 304 | 579 | 577 |
| Torju (Th) | 1750 | 3182 | 2023 |
| Landa (Sn) | 232 | 449.5 | 505 |
| Titanju (Ta ') | 1668 | 3034 | 1941 |
| Tungstenu (W) | 3422 | 6192 | 3695 |
| Uranju (U) | 1132 | 2070 | 1405 |
| Vanadju (V) | 1910 | 3470 | 2183 |
| Ytterbium (Yb) | 824 | 1515 | 1097 |
| Yttrium (Y) | 1526 | 2779 | 1799 |
| Żingu (Zn) | 419.5 | 787.1 | 692.6 |
| Żirkonju (Zr) | 1855 | 3371 | 2128 |
Punti ta 'tidwib ta' ligi komuni
Fil-prattika, Il-biċċa l-kbira tal-materjali tal-inġinerija mhumiex metalli puri imma ligi. Dawn il-kombinazzjonijiet ħafna drabi jdubu fuq firxa minħabba fażijiet multipli b'kompożizzjonijiet differenti.
| Isem tal-liga | Firxa tat-tidwib (° C.) | (° F.) | (K) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminju 6061 | 582–652 ° C. | 1080–1206 ° F. | 855–925k |
| Aluminju 7075 | 477–635 ° C. | 891–1175 ° F. | 750–908k |
| Ram (Isfar, 70/30) | 900–940 ° C. | 1652–1724 ° F. | 1173–1213K |
| Brass aħmar (85Bi 15zn) | 960–1010 ° C. | 1760–1850 ° F. | 1233–1283K |
| Bronż (Ma 'Sn) | 850–1000 ° C. | 1562–1832 ° F. | 1123–1273K |
| Gunmetal | 900–1025 ° C. | 1652–1877 ° F. | 1173–1298K |
| Cupronickel (70/30) | 1170–1240 ° C. | 2138–2264 ° F. | 1443–1513K |
| Monel (Ni-Cu) | 1300–1350 ° C. | 2372–2462 ° F. | 1573–1623K |
| Inconel 625 | 1290–1350 ° C. | 2354–2462 ° F. | 1563–1623K |
| Hastelloy C276 | 1325–1370 ° C. | 2417–2498 ° F. | 1598–1643K |
| Stainless Steel 304 | 1400–1450 ° C. | 2552–2642 ° F. | 1673–1723K |
| Stainless Steel 316 | 1375–1400 ° C. | 2507–2552 ° F. | 1648–1673K |
| Azzar tal-Karbonju (ħafif) | 1425–1540 ° C. | 2597–2804 ° F. | 1698–1813K |
| Għodda Azzar (AISI D2) | 1420–1540 ° C. | 2588–2804 ° F. | 1693–1813K |
| Ħadid duttili | 1140–1200 ° C. | 2084–2192 ° F. | 1413–1473K |
| Ħadid fondut (Griż) | 1150–1300 ° C. | 2102–2372 ° F. | 1423–1573K |
| Liga tat-titanju (Ti-6al -4v) | 1604–1660 ° C. | 2919–3020 ° F. | 1877–1933K |
| Ħadid maħdum | 1480–1565 ° C. | 2696–2849 ° F. | 1753–1838K |
| Stann (SN63PB37) | 183 ° C. (ewtettiku) | 361 ° F. | 456 K |
| Babbitt Metal | 245–370 ° C. | 473–698 ° F. | 518–643K |
| Tagħbijiet 3 (Liga Zn-al) | 380–390 ° C. | 716–734 ° F. | 653–663K |
| Nichrome (Ni-Cr-Fe) | 1350–1400 ° C. | 2462–2552 ° F. | 1623–1673K |
| Metall tal-Qasam | 62 ° C. | 144 ° F. | 335 K |
| Metall tal-injam | 70 ° C. | 158 ° F. | 343 K |
Punti ta 'tidwib ta' ligi komuni (Lista estiża)
| Isem tal-liga | Firxa tat-tidwib (° C.) | (° F.) | (K) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminju 2024 | 500–638 ° C. | 932–1180 ° F. | 773–911k |
| Aluminju 5083 | 570–640 ° C. | 1058–1184 ° F. | 843–913K |
| Liga tal-aluminju-litju | 510–635 ° C. | 950–1175 ° F. | 783–908k |
| Alnico (Fa -i-co-al) | 1390–1420 ° C. | 2534–2588 ° F. | 1663–1693K |
| Ram (60Bi -40zn) | 930–950 ° C. | 1706–1742 ° F. | 1203–1223K |
| Bronż tas-silikon (ma 'tiegħu) | 950–1050 ° C. | 1742–1922 ° F. | 1223–1323K |
| Bronż tal-fosfru (Ma 'SN-P) | 950–1050 ° C. | 1742–1922 ° F. | 1223–1323K |
| Qanpiena tal-metall (Ma 'Sn) | 850–1020 ° C. | 1562–1868 ° F. | 1123–1293K |
| Ram navali (Cu-Zn-Sn) | 900–950 ° C. | 1652–1742 ° F. | 1173–1223K |
| Bronż tal-manganiż | 860–1025 ° C. | 1580–1877 ° F. | 1133–1298K |
| Invar (Trid-36%) | 1425–1450 ° C. | 2597–2642 ° F. | 1698–1723K |
| Magazine (Fa -i-co) | 1450–1455 ° C. | 2642–2651 ° F. | 1723–1728K |
| Nitinol (In-of) | ~ 1310 ° C. | ~ 2390 ° F. | ~ 1583K |
| Azzar tal-maraging (18Fi) | 1413–1440 ° C. | 2575–2624 ° F. | 1686–1713K |
| Azzar b'veloċità għolja (M2) | 1400–1425 ° C. | 2552–2597 ° F. | 1673–1698K |
| Ligi tqal tat-tungstenu (W-ni-fe) | 3000–3100 ° C. | 5432–5612 ° F. | 3273–3373K |
| Chromel (Cr Alloy) | 1425–1500 ° C. | 2597–2732 ° F. | 1698–1773K |
| Constantan (Magħna) | 1170–1300 ° C. | 2138–2372 ° F. | 1443–1573K |
| Stellite 6 (Ko-cr-w) | 1250–1400 ° C. | 2282–2552 ° F. | 1523–1673K |
| Azzar Stainless Super Duplex | 1350–1450 ° C. | 2462–2642 ° F. | 1623–1723K |
| Liga Fecral (Kanthal) | 1400–1500 ° C. | 2552–2732 ° F. | 1673–1773K |