I ka'āina o ka corrosionion-resistant i nā alloys, Astm A217 CA15 Ca15 Ca15 i kahi kūlana kūʻokoʻa e like me ke kumu kūʻai maikaʻiʻoleʻo Martericic, mahaloʻia no kona kaulike o ka paleʻana o keʻano, ikaika ikaika, a me ka pā.
1. ʻO ka weheweheʻana i ka astm A217 CA15: Nā Kūlana a me ka Helu
Astm A217 CA15 kahi Martertitic kila kohu ʻole ʻO ka heluʻana i ka papa papa inoa ma lalo o ka Astm A217 / A217M kiko'ī, ʻO ka manaʻo mua no keʻano kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe-e pili ana i nā noi.
Ua hoʻohana nuiʻia ma nā wahi koʻikoʻi e like me nā vale, flanges, Nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, a me nā mea e pono ai i nā mea hana e like me nāʻoihana e like me ka aila a me ke kinoea, petrochemimical, a me ka mana.
ʻO kāna hoʻolālāʻana "ca15" e hōʻike ana i kāna hoʻoilina i ka'ōnaehana hoʻolauleʻa astm: "Ca" e hōʻike ana i kahi alloy resortion-resistant, a "15" e hōʻike ana i kānaʻano chromium-waiwai.
Uaʻikeʻia ka waiwai e ka heluʻole J91150 a hui pinepine ia me AISI 410 No ka piliʻana i nā helu i hanaʻia.
E like me ka mea kilokilo maikaʻiʻole, Hōʻikeʻo Ca15 i kahi hui pūʻana o keʻano o ka paleʻana, ikaika ikaika,
a me nā waiwai maikaʻi-maikaʻi, Ke kūpono nei ia i nā mea i hōʻikeʻia e hoʻonuiʻia ai i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me keʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ka papa inoa ma lalo o ka Astm A217 E wehewehe i nā palena o nā palena, Nā Pīkuhi Propertinies, ʻO nā pono momona wela, a me ka ho'āʻoʻana i nā protocols e hōʻoia i ka hana maʻamau ma waena o nā noi.
Ca15 hāʻule ma lalo o ka mardelitic stael, e hoʻokaʻawale ana iā ia mai Austetitic a me Ferritic Candings,
me kahi manaʻo e hoʻokō i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī ma o ka hana wela wela.
Mālama kēia kūlana maʻamau i nā ca15 Candings e hiki ke hoʻokō pono i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe a me nā wahi kiʻekiʻe e mālama ana i keʻano hana.
2. Kalepa me keʻano o ca15 stielless kila
Astm A217 CA15 A Martiketic Veelless Steel ʻO nā mea nona nā kumukūʻai e hoʻopaʻaʻia e kahi hui chessical kūpono i hoʻolālāʻia e hoʻoponopono i ka ikaika, paakiki, a me ke kū'ēʻana.
ʻO nā'āpana maʻamau e like me nā mea hou aʻe (Wt.%):
| Mua | Kaonaʻeha (%) | Hana / Hana |
| KālekaʻAʻI (C) | 0.40 - 0.50 | Hāʻawi i ka paʻakikī a me ka ikaika ma hope o ka mālamaʻana i ka wela wela; Mālama i ka hoʻololiʻana o Martetetitic; Hoʻonui ka crabon kiʻekiʻe i nā pale a me ka hoʻemiʻana i ka ductility. |
| Chromium (Cr) | 12.0 - 14.0 | Hoʻopili i ke kū'ē kū'ē; hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī; Hāʻawi i ka paleʻana i ka oxidation i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. |
| Nickel (I) | 0.50 - 1.50 | E hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī a hōʻemi i ka brittleness i ka martivitic martestitic; stabilizes microstructure. |
| Mang kāne (Mn) | 0.50 - 1.0 | Hoʻonui i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī; hana e like me ka deoxidizer i ka wā o ke kauʻana. |
| Silikino (A) | 0.50 - 1.0 | Hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika, paakiki, a me ka paleʻana o ka oxidation; ʻO nā mea kōkua i ka deoxidation i ka wā o ka holoiʻana. |
| Phoshorus (P) | ≤ 0.04 | Maʻamau maʻamau; kāohiʻia e hōʻemi i ka brittleness. |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.03 | Hoʻomaikaʻi i ka macinalibility i kekahi mau hihia, Akā hiki i ka sulfur ke hōʻemi i ka paʻakikī. |
| 'Eron (Lia) | Kaulike | Kūlana kumu; hana i ka matrix o ka alloy. |
3. ʻO nā mea pilikino a me nā pono o ka astm acket A217 CA15
| Waiwai | Nā waiwai maʻamau | ʻO ka weheweheʻana / Mea nui |
| Huakai | 7.70 - 7.85 g / cm³ | ʻO ka density haʻahaʻa maʻamau o nā kinikini maʻamau; pili i nā noi koʻikoʻi. |
| Hoʻohemo melū | 1420 - 1480 ° C | Pono ke kuhikuhiʻana i ka papaʻaina kiʻekiʻe no nā noi kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe e like me nā kino Valve a me nā'āpana Pump. |
| Ikaika ikaika (Loa loa) | 850 - 1000 Mpa | Ikaika ikaika ma hope o ka mālamaʻana i ka wela; He kūpono no nā wahi kiʻekiʻe. |
| Ka ikaika (0.2% Kahiki) | 550 - 700 Mpa | E hōʻike ana i ke kū'ēʻana i nā pale plasformation ma lalo o ka ukana. |
| Elongation ma ka wā hoʻomaha | 12 - 18% | ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, eʻae ana i kekahi deformation plasticing me kaʻole. |
Hālulu (Hrc) |
30 - 40 (Anned); 40 - 48 (hākūʻia) | Hoʻolako i ka paleʻana i ke kū'ēʻana a me keʻano o ka durability; hiki ke hoʻoponoponoʻia e ka mālama wela. |
| Hopena paʻakikī (Chary v-notch) | 30 - 50 J | Kūponoʻole i keʻano o keʻano ambied; haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā kinikini austevitic. |
| Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua | 15 - 20 W / m · c · k | ʻO keʻano o keʻano; nā mana i nā hana / hoʻoliʻiliʻi hou i ka lawelawe. |
| Ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka | 10 - 11 × 10-° C | ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e kōkua i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana i ka hoʻomauʻana o ka dimensional ma lalo o nā loli. |
| ʻO ka wela o ka lawelawe | ~ 550 ° C | He kūpono no nā noi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā noi wela wela; ka hōʻike lōʻihi ma luna e hōʻemi i nā waiwai mechaninical. |
4. ʻO ka hana wela: Ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana i nā microstructure
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wela e koʻikoʻi i ka hana o CA15, E like me ka palupalu a me nā mea e pili ana.
ʻO keʻano o keʻano maʻamau a me keʻano o ka huhūʻana:
- Austetinizing: Wela a 925-1010 ° C (1700-1850 ° F) a hoʻopaʻa aku i nā hola 1-2 (Ke hilinaʻi nei i ka mānoanoa) E hana pono i ka Austente-he kahua cubic cubic i hanaʻia e hiki ai ke hoʻololi i ka cloglication martissite.
- Queech: Wikiwiki wikiwiki i ka aila a wai paha i lalo o 150 ° C (302° F) E hoʻohuli iā Austentite i Martikete, he paʻakikī a me ka brivad brivad. Hoʻonui kēia hana i ka paʻakikī i 45-50 hrc.
- Huhū: E kiʻi hou i 595-705 ° C (1100-1300 ° F) No nā hola 2-4, alaila wela.
Hōʻemi kēia i ka paʻakikī i 20-30 HRCʻoiai e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka paʻakikī ma ka hoʻopiliʻana i nā kaʻa maikaʻi (Cr₂₃c₆) I loko o ka Martericic Matrix a ke hoʻomaha nei i ke kaumaha kūloko.
Hoʻoholoʻia ka wela o ka wela i ke kaulikeʻana i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī: haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (595° C) Hāʻawi i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe akā he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, oiai oiai (705° C) Ma mua o ka neʻeʻana.
5. Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion: Nā mana a me nā palena
Hāʻawi iā CA15 ke kū'ēʻana i ka paleʻana tailored i nā wahi kiko'ī, Ke hana nei i kahi koho kūpono no nā noi noiʻoleʻole:
- 'Ōlualelo Kaule: Pani i ka holoʻana i loko o ka maloʻo maloʻo a iʻole ka ea haʻahaʻa, me kahi helu corrosione o <0.1 mm (0.5-1.0 mm / makahiki) aka, i lalo 304 kila kohu ʻole (<0.01 MM / makahiki).
- ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike kiʻekiʻe: Hana maikaʻi i ka lewa a hiki i ka 650 ° C (1200° F), ka hoʻokumuʻana i kahi'āpana chromium e hoʻopili ai i nā kumukūʻai e hoʻopau ai i ka uku oxidation e <0.1 MM / makahiki-koʻikoʻi no nā mea waiwai a me nā'āpana wai.
- Nā mea hoʻowalewale: Nā mea kanu i nā wahi alkaline alkaline (E.g., 10% sodium hydroxide) a me nā maʻi maʻiʻole (E.g., 5% sulfuric acid) I ka lumi lumi, ʻOiai e hoʻonui nuiʻia nā kumukūʻai Corrosion i nāʻike ikaika.
ʻAʻole kūpono nā palena:
- Nā kikowaena chrlode: ʻO ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopiliʻana a me ka crevice corrosion i loko o ke kai a iʻole nā hopena kiʻekiʻe-chrlode (E.g., Trang Solt), Me nā kumukūʻai Corrosioni 0.5 MM / makahiki.
- Nā maʻi ikaika: Hoʻopiliʻia e nā maʻi maʻi (E.g., hydrochloric acid) a me nā meaʻona (E.g., nitric acid).
ʻO kānaʻano hana o ka hanaʻana mai konaʻano chromium: ʻOiai e lawa i ka hanaʻana i kahi'āpana oxe pale i nā kūlana maikaʻi, ʻO ka papaʻaina ka mea ma mua o nā alloys kiʻekiʻe-chromium kiʻekiʻe (E.g., 304 me 18-20% cr), Ke hoʻohālikelike nei ia e wāwahi i nā wahi kūwaho.
6. ʻO ka hoʻoleiʻana a me nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona
ʻO CAL15 o Cashbility a me ka leka uila i hāʻawiʻia i ke kaʻina hana e hāʻawi ai i kāna hoʻopiʻiʻoihana:
ʻO nā kaʻina hana:
Hōʻikeʻo Ca15 i ka hale hoʻokipa maikaʻi, Ke kūpono kūpono i nāʻano hana hanaʻoihana:
- Sand cread: Maʻamau maʻamau no ka nui, nā mea paʻa i hoʻopaʻaʻia e like me nā kino valve a me nā hihia pump.
ʻO keʻano o ka cerael, Hoʻonuiʻia e Manganese lāuaʻo Silicon, E hōʻoia i ka hoʻopiha pihaʻana i ka hoʻopiha pihaʻana a me nā liʻiliʻi e like me nā hemahema e like me nā mea maloʻo a iʻole nā kuhi hewaʻole. - Hoʻolei kālā: Kūpono no ka paʻakikī, intricate geometurs e koi ana i ka pololei kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, komo pū me nā hiʻohiʻona kūloko a me nā hiʻohiʻona.
- ʻO Centricugual kāhea: He kūpono no nā'āpana cylindrical, e like me nā pipes a me nā apo,
Ke kōkua nei ka mana o ka Centrifugal i hōʻemi i ka possity a me ka hoʻokaʻawale, ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ka hana a me ke kūpaʻa kūpono.
Wawahua:
Ke paʻakikī neiʻo Welling Ca15 ma muli o kānaʻano martiketic, e hoʻonui ana i ka hopena o ka cracking i ka wahi wela i hoʻopilikiaʻia (HAZ).
Ke hoʻomau nei i ka 200-300 ° C a me ka post-well e huhū ana i ka 600-650 ° C e pono e hōʻemi i ke kaumaha.
E pili ana i nā metals filler (E.g., E410nimo) Ke hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ka pono olding, ʻOiai ke mālama waleʻia nā unahi i nā 70-80% o ka ikaika o ka ikaika.
Markinpalibility:
Machially Machiable ma ke kūlana wela (20-30 hrc).
Ke noiʻia nei nā mea hana Carbide no ka huliʻana a me ka milling, me kaʻokiʻana i nā wikiwiki o 50-70 m / min-lohi ma mua o nā mea hele austetetitic ma mua o nā mea hoʻokūkū paʻakikī akāʻoi aku ka wikiwiki.
7. Noi: Ma heaʻo Ca15 Extols
Astm A217 Ca15,
paʻakikī paʻakikī, a me ka paleʻana o ka corrosion corrosioni ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO kāna hui pūʻana o nā waiwai e hana ai i kūpono no nā mea kūponoʻole e koi i nā mea e koi ai.
Nā'āpana Valve:
- Gates, Honua honua, A e nānā i nā Valves: Hoʻohana pinepineʻiaʻo Ca15 no nā kino Valve, Trim, a me nā disc ma muli o kona ikaika kiʻekiʻe (a i 930 Mpa) a me paakiki (20-30 HRC).
- Nā noi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe: Mālamaʻo Martebtitic i ka hana kūpono ma lalo o nā koina 100 Bar, Ke kūpono nei i ka steam, pono, a me nā paila hau.
- Ke kū'ēʻana: Hiki ke hana palekana i ka ~ 540 ° C, He kūpono no nāʻano kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu holoholona.
ʻO nā'āpana a me nā mea hoʻohālikelike:
- Nā pālāʻau a me nā mea hana: Hāʻawi i nā mea maikaʻi loa, markinpalibility, a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe.
- ʻO nā Pumps a me nā pimps kiʻekiʻe: ʻO nā kāpenaʻo Car15, e hōʻoia ana i ka hilinaʻi lōʻihi i nā mea kanu mana, resineries, a me nā'ōnaehana wai hana.
Pono & ʻO kaʻoihana:
- ʻO Wellhead a me nā mea e waiho ai i lalo: Ikaika ikaika a me keʻano o nā mea kūpono e pale aku ai i nā mea kūpono, aila, a me brine ma lalo o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe.
- Nā Vidend Rabject: Hoʻokomoʻo Ca15 i loko o Globe a me Gall Valves i loko o ka lole, hydrocarbonord, a me nā wai abrasive.
ʻO ka hanaunaʻo Steam:
- Nā Violer Valves a me Fitters: Hiki i ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe a me ka cycling cycling o keʻano me ka loaʻaʻole o ka lilo nuiʻana o nā waiwai mechanical.
- Nā kaʻa kaʻa a me nā mea kālepa wela: Mālama nā māhele i nā mea kūpono ma lalo o nā ukana o ka cyclical.
Nā noiʻenehana maʻamau:
- Nā kikowaena kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe a me nā flanges: ʻO ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī e hana i ke kaʻa e pili ana i nā hui koʻikoʻi i nā mea kanu lāʻau, resineries, a me nā mea kōkua kōkua.
- Alohamaka: Hāʻawi i kona mau mea kūʻai aku i ka hanaʻana o nā'āpana ākea a iʻole nā'āpana paʻakikī e hoʻohui i ka ikaika, E kāʻei i ke kū'ē, a me ke kū'ēʻana.
8. Nā Kūlana a me ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike
Kaohiʻana me ka astm Astm A217 E hōʻoia i nā caldings e hui i nā criteria maikaʻi loa:
- ʻO ka loiloi Chemical: Pono e ho'āʻoʻia kēlā me kēia wela o Ca15 ma o Viamtical Spoms Specroscopy (Poina) No ka hōʻoia i nā mea i hāʻule i loko o nā wahi i kuhikuhiʻia (E.g., chromium 11.5-13.5%).
- Nā hōʻike hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua: ʻO Tissile a me nā hōʻike hōʻike hopena he kauohaʻia no kēlā me kēia kau inoa, Me nā hiʻohiʻona i laweʻia mai nā'āpana koho e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokōʻana me ka ikaika a me nā koi likeʻole.
- ʻO ka hōʻike hoʻokaumahaʻole (Ndt): ʻO ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi i nā wahi e like me nā'āpana ultrasonic (U) eʻike i ka postity kūloko a me ka nānāʻana i ka paila magnetic (Mpi) E hoʻomaopopo i nā'āpanaʻili.
- Ola kalepa: Pono nā mea hana e hāʻawi i ka palapala o ka austenitizing, Queech,
a me nā'āpana hoʻohālikelike, me nā papa hana-manawa-manawa, E hōʻoia i ka hoʻomohalaʻana i ka hoʻolālā microstructure.
9. Nā hoʻohālikelike i nā alloys hou
I ka wā e koho ai i nā lako no nā noi kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe, Astm A217 CA15 ua loiloi pinepineʻia e kū'ē i nā mea kanu'ē aʻe a me nā mea hoʻonani maikaʻi.
| Waiwai / Alloy | CA15 (Astm A217) | Ca6nm | CF8 / Cf8m | Wcb (ʻO ka hao hao) |
| Ikaika ikaika (Mpa) | 550-750 | 500-700 | ~ 450 | 400-550 |
| Ka ikaika (Mpa) | 320-480 | 300-450 | ~ 250 | 250-350 |
| Hālulu (Hrc) | 20-30 (wahine maila) | 18-28 | ~ 15 | 14-18 |
| Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion | Loli; wai, māhu, nā mea hoʻowalewale | Loli; ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o wcb, Kaʻu ma mua o CF8 | High; maikaʻi loa no ka hōʻike pono | Hoʻohaʻahaʻa; e hoʻopiliʻia i loko a me ka corrosion |
| Wawahua | Loli; preheat 200-300 ° C, post-weld huhū 600-650 ° C | Loli; Ua'ōleloʻiaʻo Prenait | Kūpono; ke kaupaonaʻana | Maikaʻi loa; ke kaupaonaʻana |
| Kāhāhā hiʻohiʻona | Maikaʻi loa; Sand, waiwai kūʻai, ʻO Centricugual kāhea; ʻO keʻano paʻakikī | Maikaʻi loa; e like me ca15, maʻalahi maʻalahi | Kūpono; Austetetitic, Ke Kiko Easy | Maikaʻi loa; Nā Mold, ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi |
| Nā noi maʻamau | Nā kino valve, Nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, nā ipu koʻikoʻi | Pumps, Nā'āpana Turbine, ʻO nā kumu waiwai haʻahaʻa | Nā Mokuahi, Piping, nā awāwa i nā wahi o nāʻoihana | Nā awāwa o nā kānaka maʻamau, flanges, Poolali |
| Kālā (Pili pili) | High | ʻOluʻolu-kiʻekiʻe | High | Hoʻohaʻahaʻa |
| Nā memo | Martesestic; ʻO ka ikaika maikaʻi a me ka ikaika | Martesestic; hoʻomaikaʻiʻia i ke kū'ē | Austetetitic; ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻalahi, ikaika ikaika | Ka waiwai, ʻO ka paleʻana o ka corrosior haʻahaʻa, He kūpono no nā'āpana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi |
10. Hopena
Astm A217 CA15 mau manawa e like me ka pono, ʻO ka hopena kūpono-kūpono no nā noiʻenehana e koi ana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ke kū'ēʻana i ka paleʻana, a me ka hale noho ma ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
Kona chemistry maikaʻi maikaʻi, huiʻia me ka mālama wela wela, hāʻawi i ka hana i koiʻia no ka hanauna mana, Ke kālepaʻana,
a me nā lakoʻaila a me nā lako hana i kahi hapa o ke kumukūʻai o nā mea kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe.
FaqS
He aha ka Astm A217 CA15?
Astm A217 CA15ʻO Ca15 kahi Manaʻo MartItic Camelless Stident maʻamau maʻamau i hoʻohanaʻia no nā hale kūʻai ma keʻano he nui, Nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, a me nā kīʻaha koʻikoʻi.
Ua hoʻopaʻaʻia ma lalo o ka astm A217, e wehewehe ana i ka hoʻohuiʻana, Nā Pīkuhi Propertinies, a me nā pono hana wela.
Is ca15 magnetic?
ʻAe. Ca15 kahi mea kila kila maikaʻi, ʻo ia ka ferromagnetic i nā kūlana a me nā kūlana a me nā kūlana.
Hana ca15?
ʻAe, Hiki i nā ca15 ke hele i ka manawa i hōʻikeʻia i nā wahi o nā mea hanaʻino, nui loa ma ke alo o nā chullides a iʻole.
ʻO ka paleʻana o ka corrosiote e hoʻohālikelikeʻia i nā mea kanu lāʻau austenitic, No laila e mālamaʻia nā pale pale a iʻole ka mālama maʻamau.
Pehea e mālamaʻia ai ka maikaʻi no nā ca15 Candings?
ʻO ka mana kūpono e pili ana i ka loiloi ponoʻana (Poina), Nā hōʻike hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua (tersele, hopena),
ʻO ka hōʻike hoʻokaumahaʻole (ultrasoranic no keʻano o keʻano kūloko, Magnetic Particle no nā hemahema), a me ka wela wela.
Ka hoʻokōʻana me ka Astm A217 E hōʻoia i ka hilinaʻi i nā noi koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ca15 ke kumukūʻai-kūpono?
ʻO Ca15 ke kumukūʻai maʻalahi ma muli o nā mea e ae ana a me nā koi,
Akā he kumukūʻai-maikaʻi ia no nā noi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i kahi o ka ikaika, E kāʻei i ke kū'ē, a me nā mea kūʻole o ka'āpana'āpana.
