Astm A743 ca6nm he martestitic kila kohu ʻole Hoʻomoeʻia ka papa inoa i ka papa kuhikuhi e hāʻawi i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, a paʻakikī i nā wahi lawelawe koʻikoʻi.
Me kāna 12-14% Chromium a me 3-4% NIckel Composition, Loaʻaʻo Ca6nm i kahi Microstructure kūpono e hāʻawi i ke kū'ē i ke kū'ēʻana i ka mālamaʻana, oluation, a me ka nui i ka wā e mālama ai i nā mea maikaʻi maikaʻi i hoʻohālikelikeʻia i nā mea kanu maikaʻi ma mua o MartItic.
Ua lilo kēia alloy i kahi mea i kohoʻia no nā mea holo kaʻa hydrourrrine, nā mea hana pump, ʻO nā wahi o nā kahua'āina, a me nā kino lāʻau, kahi e hui pū ai ka huiʻana o ke kūlana kūlana a me keʻano o ke olakino.
1. He aha ka Astm A743 ca6nm?
Astm A743 ca6nm he Martelitic Vielless Steel Kauhi Kumu Hoʻolālāʻia no ka lawelaweʻana i nā hana ma nā wahi e koi ai i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, maikaʻi maikaʻi, a me ka paleʻana o ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i ka corrossion.
ʻO ka "CA" e hōʻike ana i kahi alloy-resistant alloy i loko o nā kūlana e hoʻolei ana i nā kūlana, "6" E pili ana i ka lehulehu, a "nm" e hōʻike ana i ke alo o nickel a molybdelum No ke kū'ēʻana i ke kū'ēʻana.
Uaʻike nuiʻia ia no kona ʻO ke kaulike o ka macinability, wawahua, a me ka paleʻana i ka degradation kaiaulu, ka hanaʻana i waena o nā helu ma waena.
2. Kalepa me ka ca6nm
Ca6nm a 12% Chromium, 4% nickel, 0.5% molybdenum martessitic stiinless steel hoʻomohalaʻia e hoʻohui pū ikaika, paʻakikī, a me ke kū'ēʻana I loko o kahi papa hana.
Ua hoʻopaʻa paʻaʻia konaʻano Astm A743 / A743M No ka hōʻoiaʻana i nā hana metallurgical maikaʻi.
Nā palena hana maʻamau maʻamau (% Ma ke kaumaha):
| Mua | Lumi Hōʻahaʻike (%) | Hana kūpono |
| KālekaʻAʻI (C) | ≤ 0.06 | 'Ekeʻe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa liʻiliʻi miliʻi, Hoʻopili i ka paʻakikī a me ka wellingtability. |
| Mang kāne (Mn) | ≤ 1.00 | Hoʻomaikaʻi hou i nā hiʻohiʻona hana wela a me ka deoxidation i ka wā o ka holoiʻana. |
| Silikino (A) | ≤ 1.00 | Hana e like me ka deoxidizer; Hiki i nā helu nui e hōʻemi i ka paʻakikī. |
| Chromium (Cr) | 11.5 - 14.0 | ʻO ka mea mua no ka hastivation a me ke kū'ēʻana. |
| Nickel (I) | 3.50 - 4.50 | Stablizes martite, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī, a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ke kū'ēʻana i ke kaumaha corrosion. |
| Mybrideum (Mo) | 0.40 - 1.00 | Hoʻonui i ka nānāʻana i ke kū'ē, i loko o nā wahi i loaʻaʻole. |
| Phoshorus (P) | ≤ 0.04 | Mālama i ka haʻahaʻa e pale ai i ka embrittlement. |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.03 | ʻO nā pae haʻahaʻa e mālama ai i kaʻeha a me ke kū'ēʻana. |
| 'Eron (Lia) | Kaulike | Hāʻawiʻo Matrix i nā hana hoʻoikaika. |
3. Puiahuhu & Nā mea pilikino o ca6nm
ʻO ka ca6nm i hōʻikeʻia e hāʻawi i kahi ka hui pūʻana o ka ikaika, kumaikalua, a me ka paʻakikī, ʻOiai ma nā'āpana nui nui.
ʻO kāna mau waiwai he hopena o kāna 12Cr-4ni-m martlietic composition hui me ka hanaʻana i ka wela wela.
ʻO nā waiwai maʻamau
(Nā waiwai i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ADM A743 / A743M koi; nā hopena maoli e hilinaʻi i ka nui o ka'āpana, ʻO ka hana wela, a me ka ho'āʻoʻana)
| Waiwai | Waiwai maʻamau | Kūʻa hōʻike hōʻike |
| Ikaika ikaika (Rm) | 655-795 mpa (95-115 ksi) | ʻOihana lumi, Martisside Martisite |
| Ka ikaika (RP0.2) | ≥ 450 Mpa (65 ksi) | Like me luna |
| Ewangantion | ≥ 15% | Gauge Long = 50 mm |
| Ka hōʻemiʻana o ka wahi | ≥ 35% | ʻOihana lumi |
| ʻO keʻano V-Notch ImPact ikehu | 40-80 j at -46 ° C (-50 ° F) | Ala lōʻihi |
| Hālulu | 207-255 hb (Koho Koho. 22-26 hrc) | Ma hope o ka huhū |
| ʻO ka paʻakikī (K_IC) | ~ 110-130 m pa * m | ʻOihana lumi, kūlana maikaʻi-maikaʻi |
ʻO nā waiwai pilikino maʻamau
| Waiwai | Waiwai maʻamau | Nā memo |
| Huakai | 7.74 g / cm³ (0.280 lb / in³) | Liʻiliʻi ma lalo o nā kilokilo carbon ma muli o ka alloying |
| Modulus olasticity | 200 GPA (29 × 10⁶ psi) | Hoʻohālikelike i nā kila'ē aʻe |
| Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua | ~ 24 w / m · ma ka 100 ° C | Haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā kākela carbon; pili i ka hoʻokaʻawale wela |
| ʻO ka mana wela | 460 J / KIG · K | I 20 ° C |
| ʻO keʻano o ka uila | 0.60 μ · · m | ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā kāhiko carbon, pōmaikaʻi no ke kū'ēʻana o kekahi |
| Ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka | 10.8 × 10-° C (20-100 ° C) | Pono e noʻonoʻoʻia i nā'ōlelo hōʻino nui |
4. ʻO ka hana wela & ʻO ka mana o ka Microstructure
ʻO Ca6nm drives i kāna hanaʻaʻole wale nō mai kona 12% Chromium, 4% nickel, a me molybdelum cmistry, Akā mai E wehewehe i nā'ōnaehana mālama wela e hoʻololi ana i kāna hana e like me ka paʻakikī, ʻO ka Microgentistal martistruc.
Pono kēia hoʻololi i ka hoʻokōʻana i ka uku kaulike o ka alloy ikaika, kumaikalua, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka hopena lapaʻau wela wela
ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ka wela wela no nā hale kūʻai ca6nm e hahai ana iā Addm A743 / A743M Communiles a ua hoʻopiliʻia i ka'āpana'āpana:
Hoʻoholo hōʻoluʻolu (Austetinizing):
- Keka ao: 1010-1050 ° C (1850-1920 ° F)
- Kumu: Hoʻopau i nā kaʻa kaʻa a me nā homogenazies alloying alloying. Hana i kahi hana austetitic piha piha ma mua o ke kauʻana.
- HOIAKI: ~ 1 hola per 25 mm (1 loko) o ka mānoanoa'āpana, Ka liʻiliʻi o 2 Nā hola hola.
Queech:
- Kūpono: I ka lewa a iʻoleʻaila, Ke hilinaʻi nei i ka heluʻana i ka'āpana'āpana a makemakeʻia.
- Kumu: E hoʻololi i ka assietite ʻO Marliet haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻOiai e hōʻemi ana i nā maʻi a me nā kūlana kaumaha.
- Nānā: ʻO Nickel i nā mea i loko o ca6nm haʻahaʻa i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka martite (M_s) keka ao, ka hoʻolahaʻana i ka hoʻololiʻana.
Huhū:
- Keka ao: 565-620 ° C (1050-1150 ° F) no ka pale kaulike o ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī.
- Kumu: Hoʻomaha i nā kaumaha, hoʻomaikaʻiʻole, a hoʻoponopono i ka paʻakikī i 22-26 hrc.
- Ka hopena o ka mahana: Hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hāʻawi i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe akā e hōʻemi i ka paʻakikī paʻakikī; ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i ka paʻakikī akāʻoi aku ka ikaika haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona misterstructure
ʻO kahi hana i mālamaʻia i ka wela i mālamaʻia:
- ʻO ka Matrix Martisted Matrix: Hāʻawi i ka nui o ka Tensile kiʻekiʻe a hāʻawi i ka ikaika me ka paʻakikī maikaʻi.
- ʻO ka nui o ka palaoa: Ua hoʻohui pūʻo Nickel i ka uluʻana o ka palaoa i ka wā o ka austentinizing, kōkua i ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka ikehu.
- Nā kāwele i laweʻia: ʻO ka m₂₃c₆ i kāʻiliʻia ma nā palena o Lath Bonedaries e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paleʻana i ka paleʻana me kaʻole o ka paʻakikī paʻakikī.
- Hoʻolimalima minumil (<5%): Hiki i nā Austentite nui loa e hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka paʻakikī a me keʻano dimensional, No laila,ʻo nā uku hōʻoluʻolu a me nāʻano likeʻole e mālama ponoʻia.
5. Kauhi, Machimen & Wawahua
Ka waiwai o Ca6nm e like me a Hydroturbila, roy, a me ka plus alloy hilinaʻi wale nō ma luna o kona chemistry a me ka mālama wela, aka hoi maluna ona whola, markinpalibility, a me ka hoʻoponopono hou.
ʻO nā kaʻina hana
Hiki ke hana maikaʻiʻo Ca6nm i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nāʻano hana he nui, eʻae ana i nā mea hana e hoʻokūkū i nā pono hana e hoʻokaʻawale i ka geometry, Nā koi koi, a me ka hana hana.
Sand cread:
- Kūpono kūpono no nui, nā'āpana paʻa i hoʻopaʻaʻia e like me nā mea hana turbine, Nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, a me nā kino valve i ka 1-5 kou pae.
- Nā mea maʻamau: ± 1 mm per 100 mm dimension.
- Paulapua: RA 6.3-12.5 μM Ma hope o ka moku.
- Loaʻa: Ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma ka nui a me keʻano; ʻO ka hoʻokele waiwai no nā helu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Hoʻolei kālā (Makemake Wax):
- Kūpono no intricate geometries E like me nā pale turbine, Talve Trims, a me nā'āpana holo kaʻa e pili ana i nā papahele maikaʻi a me nā kiko'ī maikaʻi loa he koʻikoʻi.
- Dimensional pololei: ± 0.1 mm.
- Paulapua: Ra 1.6-3.2 μm, ka hoʻemiʻana i kaʻae machining a me ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana e like me ka hana hydraulic.
ʻO Centricugual kāhea:
- Hua cylindrical a iʻole ke kaniʻana i nā'āpana e like me nā pale pale, E kāʻei i nā apo, a e lawe ana i nā shells.
- Eona ʻO nā mea waiwai nui a me ka nui o nā mikina liʻiliʻi-koʻikoʻi no nā papa kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
- Hoʻohana pinepineʻia no nā'āpana e koi ai i nā mea i komo i loko 0.25 mm.
ʻO ka hoʻoleiʻana i nā kumukūʻai no ka ca6nm ma mua 85% No nā geometries maʻalahi, ʻOiaiʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā mea paʻakikī me nāʻeke hohonu a iʻole nā loli i nā'ōwili i lalo 70-75% Ma muli o ka hoʻokeleʻana o ka hoʻokele cavinnige a me nā palena hoʻolālā.
Ma keʻano hana
ʻOi aku ka nui o Ca6nm maʻalahi i ka mīkini ma mua o nā mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia, loa ma ka kūlana kūlana (22-26 hrc).
Nā leka uila nui:
- ʻOkiʻoki i nā wikiwiki: ~ 30-50 m / min me ka mea hana kaʻa kaʻa; a i 80 m / min me nā crabie coated ma ka hoʻopauʻana i nā hala.
- Hāmeʻa lole: Ua hoʻomaikaʻiʻo ka nickel-nickel i ka paʻakikī akā hiki ke hana i ka hana paʻakikī inā he māmā nā mea hānai.
- Hoʻohanaʻiaʻo Coololan: Ua'ōleloʻia no ka hoʻopauʻana i ka papa hana a me ke kūpaʻaʻole.
- Kū ponoʻole: ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa austentete e hōʻike ai i ka dortoption liʻiliʻi ma hope o kaʻikeʻana i ka machining.
- Machina: 3-6 MM he maʻamau maʻamau e wehe i kaʻili a me ke kāʻeiʻana i kaʻili ma hope o ka mālama wela.
Wawahua
Ca6nm ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka hana maʻamau 410 meaʻole ma muli o:
- NA LAPORL THELELY KOMIA (≤0.06%)
- ʻO Nickel hoʻohui (~ 4%) e hoʻopaʻa ana i ka austente i ka wā o ka hōʻoluʻolu
- ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o Hydrogen Cracking i ka wā e hoʻopiliʻia ai ka mālama welaʻana
Hana maikaʻi loa no ka welding:
- Manaihi: 150-250 ° C (300-480 ° F) E hōʻemi i nā mea kanu wahine a me ka hydrogen cucking i ka pilikia.
- Koho Lehua Hole: ʻO ka hoʻohui hoʻohui (E.g., Aws er410nimo no gtaw / gmaw a iʻole e410nimo no staw) e mālama i ka ikaika a me ke kū'ēʻana.
- ʻO keʻano o ka mahana: < 250 ° C (480 ° F) e pale aku ai i ka nui o nā wela wela i piliʻia.
- ʻO ka hana wela wela (Pwht): Kūloko a iʻole ka huhū piha ma 565-620 ° C (1050-1150 ° F) e hoʻihoʻi i ka paʻakikī a me ka paʻakikī paʻakikī.
Hoʻoponopono hou:
- Maʻamau ma nā mea holo nui hydroturbine a iʻole nā kino valve e hoʻoponopono i nā pososity a iʻole nā hemahema.
- Ke hilinaʻi nei ka pōmaikaʻi ma ke kāohiʻana i nā pale o nāʻano, Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻemaʻe, a me ka noi pwt.
6. Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion: Tailored i nā wahi aqueous
ʻO ke kū'ēʻanaʻo Ca6nm o Corossion Weʻai, Ke wai wai, a me nā mea uila, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hou aku ma mua o ka carbon steel a iʻole nā mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me ka hoʻokūkū me nā helu Austetitic i nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā:
- Hale lole a me ka steam: ʻO ka chromiumʻo ka chromium ka mea e pale aku ai i ka oxidation a me ka hoʻopiliʻana i loko o ka wai hou (E.g., wai wai, Pūnaehana Kūʻai) Me nā uku corrosioni <0.02 MM / makahiki.
Ua nui nō hoʻiʻo ia i ka steam ma 200-300 ° C, kahi kī nui no nā mea kanu mana. - Ke wai wai: Hoʻopiliʻo Moybdenum i ke kū'ē kū'ē i ke kū'ēʻana i ka hoʻopiliʻana.
I nā hōʻikeʻana o ka moana, Ke hōʻike neiʻo Ca6nm i kahi pae o ke kikowaena o 0,05-0.1 MM / mau makahiki 410 kila kohu ʻole (0.2-0.3 MM / makahiki) akā,ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 316 (0.01-0.03 MM / makahiki). - Nā mea hoʻowalewale: Ke kū neiʻo Duite i nā maʻi (E.g., 5% sulfuric acid), Alkaliis (E.g., 10% sodium hydroxide), a me nā huahana holoholona, Ke kūpono nei ia i nā mea kūʻai aku o nā aila a me nā mea hana e ho'ōla ai.
Nā palena palena: ʻAʻole i'ōleloʻiaʻo Ca6nm no nā maʻi ikaika (E.g., 37% hydrochloric acid) a iʻole nā wahi kiʻekiʻe-chloride (E.g., brines me >10% Nacl), kahi i nā haumāna Austetitic e like me CF8M (316 kaulike) hana maikaʻi.
7. Nā noi maʻamau o ca6nm
Astm A743 ca6nm's ikaika ikaika, ʻO ka paʻakikī maikaʻi loa ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me ka paleʻana i ka corrosion, Kāu kamaliʻi, ALEORON hana ia i nā mea e hele ai ʻO ka hydraulic koʻikoʻi, Marine, a me nā'āpana o ka mana.
| ʻO ka hana noi | Nā'āpana maʻamau | ʻO nā koina hoʻokō e like me Ca6nm |
| Hydropower | Nā poʻe holo kaʻa (Kaliplan, Franchis, Kalani), Nā Pahu Wāhi, nā alakaʻi alakaʻi, E noho mau i nā apo | ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ka noho kiʻekiʻe, kū'ē kū'ē, paʻakikī ma keʻano haʻahaʻa |
| Marine & Of 3Ikeha | Nā Kūlana Kūʻai, hums, Nā Kūlana Rudder, Nā'āpana nui, ʻO nā kino kai kai wai | Ke kū'ē neiʻo Seawater Cortrosiotion, ʻO ka ikaika hōʻeha maikaʻi, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa |
| Pono & Aila | Subsea pump e pili ana, moe 'ana, ʻO ka Gate / Globe / Check Valve Trim, Nā VIE VIE | Chrlode style style rorossion, kū'ē kū'ē, ikaika ikaika |
| ʻO ka pāʻaiʻoihana | ʻO Centrufugal Pump Inpellers, E kāʻei i nā apo, nā Kūpono, Nā papa helu diffuser | E kāʻei i ke kū'ē, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosioni ma ka wai bracponish a me nā kemika |
| Nā mea kanu lāʻau | ʻO nā'āpana nui kiʻekiʻe, hanakai, e haehae ana i na apo | Pale aku i ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka hoʻopiliʻana, kū ponoʻole |
| Huhū & Ka ikehu hou | ʻO nā'āpana Tig Mid, hums, Nā papahele | Hui pūʻana a me ka paleʻana o ka corrosioni, ka lōʻihi lōʻihi |
| Reflan / Naval | Nā Primertine, Nā liners, ʻO nā wahi hoʻokele Gear | ʻO ka hōʻailona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka paleʻana i ka cavitation, ʻO ka hilinaʻi koʻikoʻi |
8. Nā hoʻohālikelike: Ca6nm vs ca15 (410), 17-4Ph, Duplex 2205
| Waiwai / Pili | Ca6nm (Astm A743) | CA15 (410 SS) (Astm A743) | 17-4Ph (Astm A747 CB7cu-1) | Duplex 2205 (Astm A890 Sig 4A) |
| ʻAno / Moloka | Martesestic (low c, 12Cr + I) | Martesestic (High C, 12Cr) | Ua loaʻa i ka marestitic marestitic | Ferritic-austetitic (Duplex) |
| Kūleʻa maʻamau (wt%) | C ≤ 0.06, Car 11.5-14, I ka 3.5-4.5, MO 0.4-1.0 | Car 11.5-14, I ka ≤ 1.0, C 0.15 | C ≤ 0.07, Cr 15-17, I 3-5, Cu 3-5 | C ≤ 0.03, Cr 21-23, Is 4.5-6.5, Mo 2.5-3.5 |
| Ikaika ikaika (Mpa) | 655-760 | 550-690 | 930-1,100 | 620-880 |
| Ka ikaika (Mpa) | 450-550 | 350-450 | 725-1,035 | 450-620 |
| Ewangantion (%) | 15-20 | 10-15 | 8-12 | 20-25 |
| Hālulu (HB) | 200-240 | 180-230 | 300-360 | 220-270 |
| Paʻakikī ma 0 ° C (J) | Kūpono (≥ 40) | Kūpono (10-20) | Loli (20-30) | Kūpono (≥ 60) |
| Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion | Maikaʻi i loko o nā mea hou / kai, E mālama ana i ka mālamaʻana | Kūpono, e pili ana i ka hoʻopiliʻana i nā chrides | Maikaʻi loa, akā,ʻaʻole no nā wahi o nā chloride nui | Maikaʻi loa chloride a me ka nānāʻana i ke kū'ē |
| Ka paleʻana i ka cavitation | High | Hoʻohaʻahaʻa | Kūpono | High |
| ʻO ka hana wela | Hoʻoholo i Airnaal + huhū | ʻO ka huhū wale nō | Hopena + ʻEhā | Hoʻonā waleʻo Annemal |
| Whola | Maikaʻi loa, He kūpono no ke one & Kāhaka kūʻai kūʻai | Maikaʻi no ka mālamaʻana o Sand | Loli, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ka paʻakikī | Loli, koi pono i ka mana pololei |
| Wawahua | Maikaʻi loa, Akā e koi i ka mālama wela ma mua | Loli, pohō i kaʻokiʻana | Maikaʻi loa, Akāʻo ka post uld ka mea i koiʻia | Maikaʻi loa, nānā i nā intemetallics |
| Markinpalibility | Loli | Maikaʻi loa | Kūpono | Loli |
| Papa kiʻekiʻe | Kūpono | Hoʻohaʻahaʻa | High | High |
| Nā noi maʻamau | ʻO nā turbines Hydraulic, nā mea hana pump, ʻO nā mea alohaʻo Marine | Nā'āpana nui, nā kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa | Aerospace, nā'āpana ikaika kiʻekiʻe | Hoʻonahua ', Nā lako huahana Deslation |
9. Nā kūlike maʻamau
ʻO ke kaulike o Ca6nm o ka ikaika, paʻakikī, a me nā kūlana pale o ka corrosioni ma waena o nā mea i piliʻia ma waena. ʻO kāna mau kūlike maʻamau i nā kūlana'ē aʻe a iʻole nā helu e komo ai:
- US J91660: Ka heluʻana i ka hoʻolālāʻana i ka'ōnaehana'ōnaehana no ca6nm.
- Astm A297 Type ca6nm: ʻO kahi hoʻolālā hoʻolālā koho hou no nā hale likeʻole.
- I 1.4528 / X12CrONGENi17-7: E like me keʻano o ka pāʻaiʻo Europa, i hoʻohanaʻia ma ke kāʻeiʻana a iʻole ke kalaʻana.
- Ua she she630: Ke hoʻohālikelike neiʻo Iapana, E hoʻololi i nā noi like like me kaʻokoʻa o ka microptructure.
- CA15 (Astm A743 CA15): He kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe marbon mardetitic me nā mea likeʻole a me nā mea hana likeʻole a me nā mea paʻakikī.
10. Hopena
Hāʻawiʻo Astm A743 Ca6nm i kahi hōʻoia kaulike o ka ikaika, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, a me ka e hoʻolilo i ka mea i koiʻia ma ka noiʻana i nā mīkini hoʻololi a me nā noi a nā kaʻa.
ʻO kāna mau mea i hoʻonuiʻia a me ka paleʻana o ka nohoʻana i ka nohoʻana i ke ola o ka lawelawe a me ka hoʻemiʻana i ka mālama mālama mālamaʻana ʻO ke koho kūpono-kūpono no nā wahi koʻikoʻi.
FaqS
Is ca6nm magnetic?
ʻAe, ʻO iaʻo Marterestitic a hōʻike i nā waiwai magnetic.
Is ca6nm kūpono no keʻano o ke kai?
No-kona pila (0.1-0.2 mm / makahiki) e hana ponoʻole no ka lōʻihi o ke kai. E hoʻohana i Duplex 2205 '.
ʻO keʻano nui loa no ka ca6nm?
Mālama ia i ka ikaika pono a hiki i 400 ° C. Ma luna o 500 ° C, E kū ana ka Oxidation a me ka softening; E hoʻohana i nā mea hana Nickel-e pili ana i nā hōʻailona kiʻekiʻe.
Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia ca6nm i ka hanaʻana i ka meaʻai?
No-kona mau pale o ke kuʻekuʻeʻana a me ka hiki ke kūpono no ka hoʻopiliʻana i nā meaʻai acidic e hana ai i nā helu Austetitic (E.g., CF8) ʻAi maikaʻiʻia.
Pehea e hoʻohālikelike aiʻo Ca6nm i ka 17-4th i ka ikaika?
17-4Hāʻawiʻo PH i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe (860-1100 mPA) akā,ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi; Ua makemakeʻo Ca6nm no nā mea hoʻokūkū paʻakikī.
He aha ka manawa alakaʻi maʻamau no nā hale kūʻai ca6nm?
4-8 mau pule no nā hale noho; 6-12 mau pule no nā hale kūʻai kūʻai (Ma muli o ka hanaʻana).
