1. Hōʻikeʻike
ʻO nā mea hoʻokūkū Austetetic.
I ke ʻano wae, ʻAno 304 lawelawe e like me kahi hana, Ke kū'ē nei i ke kū'ēʻana, NoMame, a me ke kumukuai.
Eia naʻe, nā noi e koi ana i ka ulu nui a hoʻonuiʻia paha i ka ikaika e hoʻoneʻe i ka neʻeʻana o nā derivativesʻelua: ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa 304l a me nā nitrogen-hoʻoikaika i ka 304n.
NOEHUI, Pono e hoʻokaʻawale i nāʻenehana i waena o kēia mau helu e hōʻoia i ka hilinaʻi a me ka lōʻihi o ka lawelawe.
Hāʻawi kēiaʻatikala i kahi kumu mua, ʻO kaʻike kiko'ī Dana-Driven, metralurgy, hana kino, Hanaʻia nā hana Corrosionion, huahuai, ʻO ka hana wela, noi, a me nā kaulike-e alakaʻi i nā koho koho i hōʻikeʻia.
2. Kinohi & Metralurgy
| Mua | 304 (S30400) | 304L (S30403) | 304N (S30453) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cr | 18.0-20.0 wt% | 18.0-20.0 wt% | 18.0-20.0 wt% |
| I | 8.0-10.5 wt% | 8.0-12.0 wt% | 8.0-10.5 wt% |
| C | ≤ 0.08 wt% | ≤ 0.03 wt% | ≤ 0.04 wt% |
| N | ≤ 0.10 wt% | ≤ 0.10 wt% | 0.10-0.16 wt% |
| Mn | ≤ 2.0 wt% | ≤ 2.0 wt% | ≤ 2.0 wt% |
| A | ≤ 1.0 wt% | ≤ 0.75 wt% | ≤ 1.0 wt% |
Mua, ʻO ka mīkini hoʻokele kaʻa akāʻoi aku hoʻi.
Kū-starder 304 e ae ana i 0.08 wt% c, nā mea e hoʻonui ai i ka ikaika i ≈ 215 Mpa, Eia naʻe e paipai i nā chromium-carbide i loko o ka 450-850 ° C i ka puka aniani.
Ma ka hoʻohālikelike, 304L palena i ka 0.03 wt%, ʻO ka hōʻemiʻana i ka paʻakikī paʻakikī e kokoke i Zero i nā manawa maʻamau maʻamau.
Eia hou, 304N e hoʻopuka iā 0.10-0.16 wt% nitrogen, ka hoʻopiliʻana ma ka recoid ikaika:
E piʻi anaʻo nitrogen e hāʻawi i ka ikaika e ka 20% (I ≈ 260 Mpa) a hōʻoia i ka nui o ka palaoa ma kahi o 10-15%, me ka hōʻoleʻoleʻana i ka paʻakikī.
Nui loa, Natrogen e hoʻonui i ka paleʻana i ke kū'ē: kēlā 0.01 wt% n e hoʻohui pū 1 Wood (ʻO ka nānāʻana i ka helu kūlike i ka helu = cr + 3.3 Mo + 16 N).
Pela no, 304Piʻiʻo N's Pren mai ≈ 18 i 304 I ≈ 20, ke unuhiʻana i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hoʻomakaʻana.
3. Nā mea like o 304 vsa. 304L vs. 304N
| Waiwai | 304 | 304L | 304N |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ka ikaika (RP0.2) | ~ 215 mpa | ~ 205 mpa | ~ 260 MP0 MPA |
| Ikaika ikaika (Rm) | 505-735 mpa | 485-680 MPA | 530-70 mpa |
| Ewangantion (A%) | ≥ 40 % | ≥ 45 % | ≥ 35 % |
| Lika v-norch @ -40 ° C | ≥ 30 J | ≥ 35 J | ≥ 25 J |
| Hana-paʻakikī paʻakikī (n) | 0.25 | 0.28 | 0.22 |
Ma nā wela ambied, 304N itperformsʻelua 304 a 304l i ka ikaika, ʻO ka loaʻaʻana o ka hana o ka nitrogen o Nitrogen.
Kahi mea hou aʻe, 304L i loaʻa i ka ellongation kiʻekiʻe loa (≥ 45 %), ka mea e hōʻoia ai i ka pōmaikaʻi i loko o nā hana hohonu hohonu a me nā hana hana.
Ke hoʻololi nei i ka hopena hopena, 304L e hāʻawi i kahi paʻakikī nui 40 J at -40 ° C, heaha 304 A me 304N palapala 35 J a 30 J, E pili ana i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o 304l.
I ka nui o nā wela 200 ° C, ʻO nā heluʻekolu a pau i paʻa 80% o ko lākou lumi noho o ka lumi 400 ° C.
Akā naʻe,, 304N mālama pono i ka paleʻana o ka crep cortically iʻoi aku ka maikaʻi 15% ʻO ka pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma nā hoʻokolohua mau loa 300 ° C-Mahalo i ka hānauʻana o Nitrogen o ka laweʻana i ka nui.
Hope loa, ʻO nā hoʻokolohua momona i nā 10⁶-10⁷-10⁷-10⁷ i hōʻikeʻia e hele ana i ka mua o ka nitrogen i 304n e hoʻonui i ka palena palena ikaika e pili ana 5%, ʻOiaiʻo 304l i nā pāʻaniʻo 304's baseline ka hana momona.
4. Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion
| Kaʻona | 304 | 304L | 304N |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genenation Corrison (Pāh ph) | Kūpono | Kūpono | Kūpono |
| Shearyater spiray (3.5 % Nacl) | Kūpono (0.2 % pits) | Kūpono (0.2 % pits) | Maikaʻi loa (0.3 % pits) |
| Pitting (Epuna, mV sce) | +200 | +220 | +260 |
| Intergranur corrosior (HAZ) | Hikiʻole | Kūʻole | Kūʻole |
| Chrlode scres paepae | ≤ 100 ° C | ≤ 120 ° C | ≤ 130 ° C |
I loko o nā pākuʻi a iʻole nā media acid, Ua hōʻikeʻia nā heluʻekolu a pau 0.1 MM / makahiki.
Like, Ma nā wahi waiwai-waiwai, 304N e hoʻonuiʻiaʻo ia ma mua o ka nui o kāna koʻikoʻi (Epuna) i +260 mV sce,
ua hoʻohālikelikeʻia +200 MV no 304 and +220 MV no ka 304l-unuhiʻana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a lohi i ka onset.
Pela paha, 304L a 304N 304, Mahalo i ka mikina minimal carbide a me ka hana o ka nitrogen i ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka chromium chromium.
Eia hou, I nā hōʻike hōʻike SCC (mau mea hoʻolimalima i loko 10 % Nacl ma PH 4),
ʻO ka manawa kūponoʻole 100 mau hola no 304 i 250 hola no 304l a 300 hola no 304N-hōʻike i nā pono kūpono o nā pono haʻahaʻa o ka carbon a me nā nitrogen alloying.
5. Huahuai & Wawahua
NoMame: Eʻaeʻia nā heluʻekolu a pau 50 % ka hoʻemiʻana o ka mānoanoa ma ke ala anuanu a iʻole ke kiʻiʻana me ka liʻiliʻi o ka liʻiliʻi o ka cracking.
Eia nō naʻe, E hoʻonui iki ana ke kīwī me ka hoʻohui nitrogen, e koi ana i nā uku liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no ka 304N.
ʻO WELD CRACCLE SENTICIVINE: Kū-starder 304 koi aku i ka wikiwiki wikiwiki ma waena o ka 450-850 (1040 ° c × 15 min) I mea e pale ai i ka corrosior intergranur.
Ma ka hoʻohālikelike, 304L a 304n e hoʻolōʻihi i ka lohiʻana i nā kumukūʻai maloʻo-ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ea,
E ho'ēmi i ka hōʻikeʻana i ka hoʻonāukiuki a hoʻopau i nā hana hou o ka hana hou.
Markinpalibility: Pili i 304, 304L makika me nā meaʻokiʻoki haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (5-10% hōʻemi),
ʻOiaiʻo 304n ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika e hoʻonui ai i nā mea e komo ai 10%.
I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻO nā machlists Offitize e hoʻohana ana i nā mea hana i hoʻohanaʻia-hoʻohana i nā mea hana hana crabide a me nā koina coolatant kiʻekiʻe.
6. ʻO ka mālama wela a me ka nānāʻana
Ua'ōleloʻo Aisi e pili ana i ka hoʻonāʻana i nā alana annealing e like me kēia:
- 304 & 304L: 1 040 ° C ± 5 ° C, Pā 15 i kaʻu 25 mm mānoanoa → ka wai wai
- 304N: 1 060 ° C ± 5 ° C, Pā 15 i kaʻu 25 mm mānoanoa → ka wai wai
Mea nui, ʻAʻole kekahi o kēia mau papa inoa ma lalo o ka leʻaleʻa 475 ° C embrittlement ma muli o ko lākou mau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a iʻole paha.
Akā naʻe,, hiki i ka hōʻike mua ma waena o 350-550 ° C e hiki iā C ke hoʻolaha i Chi (x) a iʻole sigma (a) Kohoʻo ka Hale Hhase, ʻO nā mea i loaʻa i nā hehi i hoʻomakeʻia; No laila, Hōʻalo nā mea hoʻolālā e pale i ka lawelawe static ma kēia pae i ka wā hiki.
7. Nā noiʻenehana o 304 vsa. 304L vs. 304N
I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, nāʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi ma ka carbon a me nā mea nitrogen i unuhi i nā pono o nā lawelawe.
Ma lalo, E nānā mākou i keʻano o kēlā me kēia papa i loaʻa i kāna Niche-a pehea pehea kaʻike mai nā hoʻonohonoho o ka honua maoli.
304: ʻO ka meaʻai maʻamau-kumu, Hana hānai & Hoʻohanaʻo Favitectute maʻamau
- No ke aha mai 304 'Ākana: Me kahi hui kaulike o ka paleʻana o ka corrosion, formability a me ke kumu kūʻai (Nā Kūlana Kūʻai = 1.00), ʻAno 304 Hoʻomoʻa i ka hana maʻalahi a me ka hoʻokumuʻana i nā lako hana kūikawā.
- Nā noi maʻamau:
-
- Nā lako hana kīleʻa: Luna 80% o U.S. nā haleʻaina, countertops a me nā hoods hoods e kuhikuhi ana 304 No kona Ease o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a 0.1 pau nā mm.
- Pūnaewele Pūnaewele: I nā piʻiʻana, think-gauge 304 nā poponals (0.5-1.0 mm) Hāʻawi i nā makahiki he mau makahiki o ka lawelaweʻana i nāʻoihana lawelawe < 0.5 μM / makahiki o ka nalowale i ka hala.
- Nā meaʻai meaʻai meaʻai: Nā moku a i 10 M³ Lilo 304 No ka huiʻana a me ka mālamaʻana; ʻO ke kikowaena haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (Ra < 0.4 }m) pale i ka uluʻana.
304L: Nā kīʻaha paʻa, Piping & Nā Mokuahi
- No ke aha he 304l: Kona iho i ke aniani haʻahaʻa (≤ 0.03 wt% c) Ua hoʻopauʻo ia i kaʻike,
Ke kūpono nei i nā mea i huiʻia no nā mea i hānauʻia ma kahi e loaʻa ai ka wela wela i ka hopena wela.
304L stainless kila chewing tank - Nā noi maʻamau:
-
- Ka Makani & Biotech piping: Luna 60% o nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi i loko o ka lumi hoʻomaʻemaʻe o API-e hoʻopau i nā lumi maʻemaʻe 304l,
e hōʻoia ana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ma lalo o nā cip pinepine (maemae-in) Nā hana kūleʻa ma 90 ° C. - Nā ipu koʻikoʻi & Nā mea hana wela: Nā moku a i 5 m in doimeter pale aku i ka corrosition intergranur me kaʻole o ka hoʻonāʻana, ka hoʻemiʻana i nā kumukūʻai hoʻolālā e hiki mai ana 15%.
- ʻO nā pahu mālama no nā acid acild: 304L taks doring 5 wt% acetic acid ma 25 ° C Exhibit Corrosioni < 0.05 mm / makahiki-20% e hoʻolōʻihi ma mua o keʻano 304 counterport.
- Ka Makani & Biotech piping: Luna 60% o nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi i loko o ka lumi hoʻomaʻemaʻe o API-e hoʻopau i nā lumi maʻemaʻe 304l,
304N: Nā lako hana cryogic, Nā'āpana hohonu-hohonu & Nā'āpana maloʻo
- No ke aha 304N: Hoʻolahaʻia ka NUTROGON (0.10-0.16 wt%) hāʻawi pinepine 20% ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikaika (≈ 260 Mpa) a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kū'ēʻana (Wood ≈ 20),
ʻOiai e mālama ana i ka paʻakikī i nā mahana i lalo o -196 ° C. - Nā noi maʻamau:
-
- ʻO nā awāwa o Cryogenic & KahawaiOli: I ka lawelawe o ka wai-nitrogen, 304N e komo ≥ 80 J srpy paʻakikī ma -196 ° C,
version ~ 60 J no 304l-koʻikoʻi no ka paleʻana i nā brittle brittle. - ʻO nā kālena hohonu hohonu & Nā'āpana: Hōʻike nā mea hana 10% ʻO nā pā'ōpio me kaʻole o ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea hoʻohana 5 g no hiki.
- ʻO nā mea hana kai kai i loko & Nā Kālema: 304N'sʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kiʻekiʻe 3.5 wt% nacl exposure,
ʻO nā hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono houʻana mai 6 mahina (me 304l) i 18 mahina.
- ʻO nā awāwa o Cryogenic & KahawaiOli: I ka lawelawe o ka wai-nitrogen, 304N e komo ≥ 80 J srpy paʻakikī ma -196 ° C,
8. Nā helu helu like
| Kā mākou | Kau no. | I ka inoa | ʻo ia | Gost | China gb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S30400 | 1.4301 | X5crni18-10 | Ser304 | 08X18h10 | 0Cr18ni9 |
| S30403 | 1.4306 | X2crni18-9 | Ser304l | 08X18H10l | 0Cr18ni9 |
| S30453 | 1.4315 | X10crni18-8 | Sus304n | 08X18H10n | 0Cr18ni9-0.15n |
9. Nāʻokoʻa ma waena 304 vsa. 304L vs. 304N
| Thancecture | 304 (S30400) | 304L (S30403) | 304N (S30453) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Max kibalala | 0.08 wt% | 0.03 wt% | 0.04 wt% |
| Nā manaʻo nitrogen | ≤ 0.10 wt% | ≤ 0.10 wt% | 0.10-0.16 wt% |
| Ka ikaika | ~ 215 Mpa | ~ 205 Mpa | ~ 260 Mpa |
| Ewangantion | ≥ 40 % | ≥ 45 % | ≥ 35 % |
| Wood | ≈ 18 | ≈ 18 | ≈ 20 |
| Paʻakikī paʻakikī | High-450-850 ° C puka makani | Hōʻoleʻole | Hōʻoleʻole |
| 'Ōpae kikowaena loa (Cl⁻) | ~ 0.2 wt% | ~ 0.2 wt% | ~ 0.3 wt% |
| WELD-ZONE ANEAL | Pono | Koho koho | Koho koho |
| ʻO ka paʻakikī o Cryogen | ~ 60 J @ @ -196 ° C | ~ 70 J @ @ -196 ° C | ~ 80 J @ @ -196 ° C |
| ʻO ke kumukūʻai kumukūʻai pili | 1.00 | 1.05 | 1.08 |
10. Nā hopena
Kila kohu ʻole 304 vsa. 304L vs. 304NʻO kēlā me kēia helu helu kiko'ī kiko'ī. Kū-starder 304 Hāʻawi i ka ikaika kūponoʻole akā koi i ka mālama ponoʻole.
E hoʻopau i ka papa 304L, e hana ana i ka heleʻana i nā hui i hala.
I ke kumu, 304ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻanaʻo Nitrogen Bost i ka ikaika a me ka pitting resistance-kūpono no ka kiʻi kiʻi nui a me nā wahi ākea.
Ma ka kaupaonaʻana i ka carbon, nitrogen, ʻO ka hana mechanication, a me nāʻikepili corrosioni, Hiki i nā meaʻenehana ke koho i ka 300-serical-serite alloy no kekahi noi.
LangHe ʻO ke koho kūpono kūpono no kāu hana hana e pono ai inā makemakeʻoe i ka maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe kila kohu ʻole KAHOu.
FaqS
No ke aha e koho ai i 304N 304 a iʻole 304l?
304N e hoʻohui i 0.10-0.16 wt% nitrogen, Hoʻonui i ka ikaika e hāʻawi ana i ka ikaika e ~ 20 % (i ≈260 MPA), E hōʻoluʻolu i ka nui grain,
a me ka hāpaiʻana i ke kū'ēʻana (Wood ≈ 20 vsa. ≈ 18) No ka hanaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma Chloride-waiwai a waiwai paha.
Pono wau e hoʻonāwaliwali i kahi hana he 304l ma hope o ka welding?
I ka nui o nā hihia, ʻAʻole. 304ʻO nā mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e nānā i ka nānāʻana i ka wā maʻamau i ka wā maʻamau,
Ke hana nei i ka post-weld solution i kohoʻia i ke kohoʻana ma mua o ke kauʻana.
ʻO ka papa e hāʻawi i ka mea maikaʻi loa?
304L alakaʻi me ka ≥45 % ewangantion, Kūpono kūpono no ke kiʻi kiʻi hohonu a me ke kūlou. Kū-starder 304 a me 304n hahai me ≥40 % a ≥35 % ewangantion, Pauliu.
Hiki iaʻu ke hoʻohana i ka 304N no nā noi cryogen?
ʻAe. 304N e paʻa i ka paʻakikī nui (≈ 80 J Bray V-Notch ma -196 ° C) hoʻohālikelikeʻia i ka 304l (≈ 70 J) and 304 (≈ 60 J), hana maikaʻiʻia no ka lawelawe o ka wai.
Pehea e hoʻohālikelike ai nā kumukūʻai i waena o waena 304, 304L a 304n?
Pili i ke kumu kūʻai 304 (Nā Kūlana Kūʻai = 1.00), 304L ka lawe wale ana a 5 % Kau (1.05) No ka hoʻokele haʻahaʻa-Carbon, a 304n e pili ana i kahi 8 % Kau (1.08) No ka nitrogen alloying.
