Ke kaʻina hana

1. Hoʻomaka e hāʻawi i ka hana wela wela

I nāʻepekema, ʻO ka hana wela e pāʻani ai i kahi hana pivotal i ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i nā waiwai mechanical o nā metala, Ke hōʻoia nei lākou e hoʻokō nei i nā koi ikaika o nā noi pili likeʻole.

I waena o nā hana maikaʻi o ka wela i loaʻa, nitriding kū i waho e like me kahi hana maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona nui.

Hoʻopili kēia kaʻina hana i ka hoʻolaunaʻana i ka nitrogen i loko o kahi papa, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻokumuʻana o nā nitrides e hāʻawi i ka paʻakikī paʻakikī a hoʻonuiʻia.

ʻO ka nitridation he mea koʻikoʻi no nā mea i kauʻia i ke koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻa, Kuupuiawi, a iʻole ka momona ma mua o ka manawa.

Kauluhi, Na'Āpanaʻo Aerospace, a me nā mea hana e hōʻike ana i nā hiʻohiʻona nui o nā'āpana e pōmaikaʻi ana i kēia hana.

ʻO nā mea maikaʻi o ka nitriding nui loa i mamao loa ma mua o ka paʻakikī; E hoʻomaikaʻi nuiʻia ia, A me ka hilinaʻi, a hōʻemi i nā pono mālama o nā'āpana ma lalo o ke kaumaha mau.

Ma kēiaʻatikala, Eʻimi mākou i ka meaʻo Nitridation, nāʻano likeʻole o nā kaʻina nitriding, nā pōmaikaʻi e hāʻawi ai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau'ē aʻe,

ʻO nā mea pono kūpono kūpono no ka nitriding, a me kāna mau noi ma kēlā me kēiaʻoihana.

2. He aha ka nitriding?

ʻO ka nitriding kahi kaʻina hana wela i hoʻolālāʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kiʻi Nitrogen TCFENG i loko o ka papa o kahi metala, ʻO nā kila maʻamau a iʻole nā ​​alloys'ē aʻe.

Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ka hoʻokumuʻana o kahi papa hana paʻakikī i hoʻopaʻaʻia me nā nitrides,

Hāʻawi ka hoʻolakoʻana i ke kūʻana, Hoʻopiliʻia ke kū'ēʻana, a me ka ikaika nui loa o ka hōʻehaʻana me kaʻole e hoʻololi i nā mea i lalo o nā waiwai.

3. Nāʻano nui o nā kaʻina nitriding

Nui nāʻanoʻokoʻa o ka nitriding, kēlā me kēia me kona mau pono, Ke hilinaʻi nei i ka noi, hapaha paʻakikī, a me nā pono waiwai.

Ma lalo, Eʻimi mākou i nāʻano nui o nā kaʻina nitriding:

Ka nini nitriding

ʻO ka nitridingʻo ia kekahi o nāʻano maʻamau maʻamau i hoʻohanaʻia e hōʻike i ka nitrogen i loko o ka papa o ka kila.

Ma kēia kaʻina hana, Ua hōʻikeʻia ka hana hana i nā mea waiwaiʻo Nitrogen, e like me ka ammonia (Nh₃), I loko o kahi pākuʻu manu.

ʻO ka Dismonia Dismonia i nā wela kiʻekiʻe (ma waena o 500 ° C i 550 ° C) A hoʻokuʻu iā Niorgen ins, ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ka papa o ka'ōpū, Ke hana nei i nā nitrides.

Loaʻa:

• Hana i kahi paʻakikī o keʻano o ka paʻakikī me ka loaʻaʻole.
• Maikaʻi no ka mālamaʻana i nā geomet paʻakikī, E like me keʻano o ke kaʻina hana.
• Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia no nā'āpana e koi ai i ka paleʻana i ka pale a me ka pale o ka pale, e like me nā'āpana automotive.

Loaʻa nā hemahema:

• Koi pono i ka mana o ke kaheʻana o ke kahe a me ka wela e pale ai i ka nitriding utheven.
• ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana i kaʻenehana o ka ikehu ma muli o ka pono no kahi kūlana nitrogen-waiwai.

Plasma nitriding (Ion Natriding)

Plasma nitriding, kaulana nō hoʻi e like me ka nitriding au, he mea hou, ʻO kaʻoihana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hoʻohana ai i kahi keʻena hakahaka e hana ai i ka plasma.

Hoʻokomoʻia ka hana hana ma ke keʻena, a ua noiʻia kahi voltage kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻokau ana i ka nitrogen i ka ioize.

ʻO kēia mau Nitrogen IS a laila e hoʻopauʻia i ka papa o ka waihona, kaʻikeʻana i loko o ia a hana i nā nitrides.

Loaʻa:

• Hāʻawi i ka hoʻokele maikaʻi loa ma luna o ka hohonu o ka hohonu a me ka lole.
• E hana ana i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ʻO ka maʻamau 400 ° C i 500 ° C), ʻO ka hana kūpono no nā'āpana wela.
• Nā hopena i kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe, smootero ma luna me ka oxidal mixidation a iʻole ka decarburization.
• He kūpono no nā'āpana me nāʻano likeʻole a iʻole nā ​​geometries paʻakikī, ʻO kahi o ka huiʻana he mea nui loa.

Loaʻa nā hemahema:

• Koi i nā lako hana kūikawā a me kahi keʻena hoʻomaha, ʻoi aku ka uku.
• Hoʻohālikelikeʻia ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i ka hohonu i nāʻano'ē aʻe, hiki i ka manaʻo e noʻonoʻo no kekahi mau noi.

Ka paʻakai paʻakai

Hoʻokomoʻia ka paʻakai paʻakai i nā mea hana i loko o kahi papa hana i loko o kahiʻauʻau paʻakai keʻokeʻo, e like me ka sodium cyanide a iʻole nā ​​potasium.

Ua hoʻomehanaʻia ka'āpana i kahi mahana o nā 550 ° C i 600 ° C, a me nā mea nitrogen e hoʻokaʻawale i loko o ka waihona mai kaʻauʻau paʻakai, Ke hana nei i kahi papa inoaʻo NitrED.

Loaʻa:

• Hāʻawi i nā mea maikaʻi loa o keʻano o ka mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia, mau loa no nā'āpana me nāʻano paʻakikī paʻakikī.
• ʻO ke kaʻina hana e wikiwiki a me ka ikaika-ikaika, e like me ka molū i ka neʻeʻana i ka neʻeʻana i ka wela wela.
• Hiki ke hoʻokō i kahi papa hana pale hohonu i hoʻohālikelikeʻia i ka nitriding.

Loaʻa nā hemahema:

• Hiki i nā Salth Call ke lilo i pilikia e mālama a koi i ka hoʻokele mālama pono.
• ʻAʻole like me ka launaʻole ma muli o ka hoʻohanaʻana o nā mea pōʻino e like me nā cyanids.
• Hiki i kekahi oxidation i hiki ke hana ināʻaʻole i mālama ponoʻia.

ʻO ka mea hānai ferritic

ʻO ka mea hānai ferritic, a iʻole nā ​​nitriding haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, heʻano likeʻole o ke kaʻina hana nitridation e kū nei i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ma waena o 400 ° C a me 500 ° C.

Ma kēia kaʻina hana, Mālamaʻia ka steel i ka brase ferrite, e kōkua ana e hana i kahi paʻakikī, ʻO ka lole lole pale-resistant.

Loaʻa:

• Hana i kahi paakiki, ʻO ka pae kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe me ka leʻaleʻa liʻiliʻi.
• Kūpono no nā carbon-carbon a me nā kinikini elel, ʻo ka mea hou aʻe e hoʻololi ai i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
• Nā hopena i loko o kahi'āpana a me kaʻili i hoʻopaʻaʻia.

Loaʻa nā hemahema:

• ʻO ka hohonu o ka nitridation ka papa'āina maʻamau, ʻO ka palena o kāna noiʻana i nā hana lapaʻau e pono ai.
• ʻAʻole paha e like me ka maikaʻi no nā mea e koi ai i ka paʻakikī hohonu.

ʻO nā wahi moe no ka mea nitriding

Hoʻopiliʻia nā moena moe e pili ana i ka umuʻana i ka hana hana i kahi moena o kahi moena, nitrogen-no ka mea e like me nā mea i hoʻohilaukiʻia e nā mea i hāpaiʻia.

Hoʻohana kēia kaʻina hana i nā mahana ma waena o 500 ° C a me 600 ° C, Ma kahi o nā nitrogen eʻaeʻia i loko o nā mea mai nā'āpana i hoʻokuʻuʻia i loko o ka moena o ka hau.

Loaʻa:

• Hāʻawi i nā mea maikaʻi loa, ʻO nā'āpana no nā'āpana me nāʻano paʻakikī a paʻakikī paha.
• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ikehu i nāʻano'ē aʻe'ē aʻe.
• Hiki ke hoʻokō i kahi'āpana pale hohonu hohonu, Ke kūpono nei ia i nā'āpana e pono ai ke koi kiʻekiʻe e komo a me ka corrosiot.

Loaʻa nā hemahema:

• ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā hana nitriding'ē aʻe aʻaʻole paha e loaʻa i nā pono āpau.
• Koi pono i ka mana o ka moena o ka moena a me ke kaheʻana i ka nui e pale ai i ka nitridation.

3. No ke aha e pōmaikaʻi aiʻo Nitriding

ʻO ka nitriding e pono ai nā'āpana e koi ana i kahi kūlana paʻakikī loa e hiki ke hoʻopaʻaʻia i nā kūlana hana. Aia ma lalo kekahi o nā pōmaikaʻi nui:

• Eha hanona: Hoʻokumu ke kaʻina hana Nitridation i kahi papa hana paʻakikī me kaʻole e hoʻololi i nā waiwai o ka mea hao.
  ʻO kēia mau hopena i loko o kahi papa lole i loko o kahi paʻa e mālama ana i ka paʻakikī o ka paʻakikī o nā mea waiwai.
• Hoʻopili i ke kāʻei a me ke kū'ēʻana: Hōʻike kaʻaoʻao o nā mea nitrided i ke kū'ēʻana, Kuupuiawi, a me ka oxidation,
  Ke kūpono nei i nā mea i hōʻikeʻia i nā wahi harsh, e like me nā mea i loko o nā noi automotive a iʻole nā ​​noi moana.
• Hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika momona: ʻO ka hāʻawiʻana i nā mea hoʻohālikelike i keʻano o ke kaumaha o keʻano, ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ka pale o ka'āpana i ka momona, ʻoi aku ma lalo o ka hana hou a iʻole ke kaumaha cyclic.
• Kū ponoʻole: Ma keʻano he kaʻina haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, MITRIDATION MILIMIZES DIMITIONSION ORTORITON, ʻo ia ka mea nui no nā'āpanaʻelua kahi i hoʻopaʻaʻia ai nā mea kanu.
• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lubrication: ʻO ka papaʻo Nitrilded he nui loa no nā lubricants,
  ka hōʻemiʻana i ka friction a me nā lole ma waena o nā wahi e neʻe ana, ʻO ia ka mea maikaʻi loa i nā mīkini a me nā mīkini.

4. Nā lako kūpono no ka nitriding

ʻOiaiʻo ka nitriding ka mea maʻamau e hoʻopili pinepineʻia i nā kila kila, Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana pū me kekahi metala'ē aʻe:

• Kālea milo: Nā mea hana hāmeʻa, nā puʻu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, and nā mea kanu lāʻau pane maikaʻi loa i ka nitriding, kaohiʻana i nā hopena paʻakikī.
• ʻO Nickel-e pili ana i nā alloys: Kūponoʻia kēia mau mea hāʻawi no ka nitridation, Ke hoʻoikaika nei lākou i ka hana nitride kūpono, ka hoʻolakoʻana i nā mea i hoʻonuiʻia a me nā meaʻehaʻeha.
• Titanium and Nā alloys alloys: ʻOkoʻa nā mea maʻamau, Hiki ke hoʻopiliʻiaʻo Nitriding i Titanium a me kekahi mau Alloys Ansany, ʻOiai eʻoi aku ana nā kūlana i koiʻia.

5. Ka hana nitriding

ʻO ke kaʻina Nitriding e pili ana i kekahi mau mea koʻikoʻi e hōʻoia i nā waiwai i makemakeʻia:

• Hoʻomaka: Ma mua o ka nitriding, Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia ka hana hana e hoʻopau i nā meaʻike, e like me nā aila, lepo, a iʻoleʻae, hiki ke hoʻopilikia me ke kaʻina hana.
• Hoʻohui: Hoʻoholoʻia ka hana hana i kahi mahana o 500 ° C i 550 ° C, Ke hilinaʻi nei i keʻano o ka Nitridation e hoʻohanaʻia.
• Utrogen diffusion: I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, Ua hoʻolaunaʻiaʻo Nitrogen i loko o ka papa o ka waiwai, kahi e kūlike a me nā hopena me nā atom, Ke hana nei i kahi papa paʻakikī.
• Ho'ōla: Ma hope o ka nitriding, Ua mālie ka'āpana e pale i nā kaumaha a me ka mālamaʻana i keʻano o ka pono.
• Post-ka mālama: I kekahi mau hihia, Post-World e like me ka post e like me ka pohō a iʻole ke hoʻohālikelikeʻiaʻana e hoʻonui hou i ka hoʻopauʻana i ka lewa a hoʻomaha paha i nā kaumaha.

6. Loaʻa i nā mea lapaʻau e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau'ē aʻe

I ka hoʻohālikelikeʻiaʻana i nā ala paʻakikī e like me nāʻano paʻakikī, Hāʻawiʻo Nitridation i kekahi mau mea pono:

• Paʻakikī maikaʻi loa: Hoʻolālāʻo Nitriding i kahiʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o nāʻano'ē aʻe,
  Me kaʻole o ka hopenaʻana i nā waiwai o nā mea waiwai, ʻAʻole makemake i ka hihia paʻakikī, ka mea e pili ana i ke kumu.
• Minortion minuma: ʻO nāʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o Nitriding, ʻaʻole like me ka carbririzing a iʻole quanching, e hiki ai i ke kumu nui.
• ʻAʻole koi: ʻAʻole koiʻo Nitriding i ka papa kiʻekiʻe, ka hōʻemiʻana i ka hopena o nā kaumaha a me ke kalaʻana, ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau i nā lāʻau lapaʻau'ē aʻe.
• Kumukūʻai-kūpono: I ka hana nui, Hiki i ka nitridation ke lilo i mea hou aku, ka hōʻemiʻana i ka pono no nā lole'ē aʻe a iʻole e hoʻopau i nā hana e pono ai i kekahi mau kaʻina'ē aʻe.

7. Nā noi nui o ka mālamaʻana i ka wela wela

Hoʻohana nuiʻiaʻo Nitriding ma waena o nāʻoihana e noi ana i nā mea e koi ai i nā mea i koiʻia me ka nui kiʻekiʻe a me nā pale pale:

• Kaʻa kaʻa: Hoʻohana pinepineʻiaʻo Nitriding e pili ana i nā gears, lihao, pākuʻi nā mea kūʻai, a me nā mea kūʻai aku, ka hoʻomaikaʻi nuiʻana i kā lākou paleʻana i ko lākou paleʻana a me ka durability.
• Aerospace: Nā wahi mokulele, e like me ka'āina'āina, Nā'āpana mīkini, aʻo nā'āpana turbine, pōmaikaʻi mai ka nitriding ma muli o kona hiki ke hāʻawi i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me nā pale pale.
• Mea hana a make: Nā'Upō, make, aʻokiʻoki i nā mea hana i lalo o ka nitridation e hoʻonui i kā lākou paleʻana, Ke hōʻoia nei lākou i ka lōʻihi loa a hana maikaʻi loa.
• Mea hana hana: ʻO nā'āpana kiʻekiʻe loa i nā pumps, nā mea hoʻohālikelike, aʻo nā mea hana i hāʻawiʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana a me ka hilinaʻi.

8. Nā pilikia a me nā noʻonoʻo i ka nitriding

ʻOiaiʻo kāna mau pōmaikaʻi nui, e hāʻawi aku i nā makana i kekahi mau pilikia e pono ai e mālama ponoʻia:

• Material Selection: ʻAʻole kūpono nā mea āpau no ka nitridation. Nā kākela kiʻekiʻe, ʻo kahi laʻana, ʻaʻole paha e hana i nā nitrides maikaʻi loa, e alakaʻi ana i ka paʻakikī o ka soboptimal.
  ʻO nā alloys non-ferrous e like me ka aluminim e loaʻa paha iā ia keʻano o ka nani o ka nitrogen.
• Ke kaʻina hanaʻana: Ka loaʻaʻana o ka nifidication Uniform ma kēlāʻaoʻao o ka hana hana holoʻokoʻa e pono ai i ka mana kūpono o nā loli e like me ka mahana, kaʻikeʻana o ka nitrogen, a me ka hanaʻana i ka manawa.
  Hiki i nā hopena kūpono ke alakaʻi i ka paʻakikī paʻakikī a iʻole nā ​​hemahema.
• Hoʻopau ʻili: Hiki i nā mea nitriding i kekahi manawa e waiho i kahi mea paʻakikī a iʻole ka paeʻole, kūikawā no nā'āpana me nā geomex paʻakikī.
  ʻO nā kaʻina hana hana e like me ka polish a iʻole ke kūpaʻaʻana e pono ai e hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻopauʻana.
• Kauhai: ʻOiaiʻo ka nitriding maʻamau ke kumu o ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana ma muli o kona wela haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana e pale i nā loli a iʻole nā ​​kaumaha kūloko.
• Hohonu o ka paakiki: ʻO ka nitrrid mua e pili ana i ka papa o kaʻaoʻao aʻaʻole e komo i ka hohonu e like me keʻano e like me ka carburizing.
  No laila, ʻAʻole kūpono ia no nā mea i koiʻia e koi ai i ka paʻakikī hohonu.
• Nā noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo: ʻOiaiʻo Nitridation ke kumukūʻai-maikaʻi i nā hihia he nui, Hiki i ke kaʻina hana ke kūʻai aku ma mua o nā hana'ē aʻe,
  E koiʻia inā e pono ai nā mālama kiʻi hou. Akā naʻe,, ʻO kona mau pōmaikaʻi lōʻihi e hiki pinepine i ka mea kūʻai aku i ka loaʻa kālā mua.

9. Nitring vs. Nā hana'ē aʻe

E hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i nā pono o ka nitriding, He mea nui ia e hoʻohālikelike ai me nā hana likeʻole e like carpurize, ʻO ka paʻaʻoleʻo Chrome, and ʻO ka paʻakikī paʻakikī:

Hānō	Nitriding	Carpurize	ʻO ka paʻaʻoleʻo Chrome	ʻO ka paʻakikī paʻakikī
Hohonu o ka paakiki	Pāpū, Ua paakikiʻo Mina	Hohonu paʻakikī	ʻO ka papa'āpana	Papa pāpaku, ʻO ka paʻakikī paʻakikī
Keka ao	Hoʻohaʻahaʻa (500° C-550 ° C)	High (900° C-950 ° C)	Loli (Ke kaʻina hana)	High (pepehi wikiwiki)
Kauhai	Minina	Nui ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe	Hiki i ka dlamination hiki	Hiki ke loaʻa nā kaumaha a me nā kaumaha
E kāʻei i ke kū'ē	Kūpono	Maikaʻi loa	Kūpono (nui no nā'āpana)	Maikaʻi loa
Kumukūʻai-kūpono	Kumukūʻai-kūpono no ka hana nui	ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma muli o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe	Waiwai (koi paʻakikī)	ʻOi aku ka ikaika-ikaika

10. Hopena

ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ka wela wela ka hopena maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā waiwai o nā'āpana o nā'āpana metala, Ke hāʻawi nei i ke kū'ēʻana i ke kū'ē, pale pale, a me ka ikaika kaumaha.

Konaʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, A e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe me kaʻole o ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka pono o nā mea waiwai,

Ke kūpono nei i nā mea koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ma keʻano o nāʻoihana.

No nā lawelaweʻo Nice-kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea hou aʻe, paulele LangHe e hāʻawi i ka hilinaʻi, ʻO nā hopena kūpono-kūpono e hoʻonui ai i ka hana i ka hana a me ka hana o kāu huahana.

LangHe hoʻolako i nā lawelawe mālama mālama wela wela, me ka nitriding, carpurize, Annalile, a me hou aku. Hoʻohana mākou i nāʻenehana holomua e hōʻoia i ka loaʻaʻana o kāu mau mea i nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa.