Cals cenel vs smar hao: Nāʻokoʻa kī, Waiwai & Noi

1. Hōʻikeʻike

ʻOkoʻa ka mea hao a me ka hao hao i nā metala friels i hanaʻia ma o nā hana hoʻoheheʻe.

ʻOiai lākou e kaʻana aku i kahi waihona kumu-hao-hao-lākou, noi, a uaʻeha nui nā hiʻohiʻona hana ma muli o nāʻano likeʻole i nāʻano o nā carbon a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

Ke kohoʻana ma waena o ka cheel cheel a me ka hao hao ke koʻikoʻi no nā meaʻenehana, mea hanamumu, a me nā mea hoʻolālā no ka mea kūpono kūpono i ka ikaika, markinpalibility, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, a me ke kumukūʻai ola holoʻokoʻa o kahi'āpana.

Hōʻike kēiaʻatikala i ka metallirgy, hana kino, Nā hana hana, a me ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka kūpono o ke kila cap a me ka hao hao i ka hohonu.

2. He aha ka hao hao?

Hae hao he hui o ka hao hao-carbon alloys me a kaʻike maʻamau ma waena 2.0% and 4.0%, me nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka silicon (1.0-3.0%), mang kāne, Sulfur, a me phospoprus.

Hoʻokaʻawale kēiaʻike i ka pale kalaiwa kiʻekiʻe ia mai ke kila a hāʻawi aku i ka hao hao kona kino a me nā mīkini likeʻole.

ʻO ia kekahi o ka mea kahiko a me ka nui loa i hoʻohana nuiʻia i nā metala ferus ma kaʻenehana a me ka hanaʻana, mahalo no kona ʻO ka Castability maikaʻi loa, ʻO ka papaʻaina, and ikaika ikaika.

Kanuiloha

ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana o nā lā hao i hala i ka makahiki 5 o BC ma Kina, Me ka hanaʻoihana hana hana e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 15.

Ua hoʻoponopono houʻia, ʻO nā mīkini, a me ka halihali, Ke hana nei i kona ala i nā mea āpau mai nā alahaka a me nā piptes e hoʻopaʻa ai a me ka pipi.

ʻO nāʻano nui o ka hao hao

Nā hiʻohiʻona nui o ka hao hao

• Waiwai kolepa kiʻekiʻe: Hoʻonui i ka carbility a hoʻopaʻa i ke kū'ēʻana akā e hōʻemi i ka ductility.
• ʻO ka Castability maikaʻi loa: Haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (≈1150-1200 ° C) aʻo ka maikaʻi maikaʻi eʻaeʻia, nui, a me nā mea paʻakikī e hoʻokaʻawale maʻalahi.
• ʻO ka hikiʻana i ka hiki: Nui loa i ka hao hina, ʻO nā mea e hoʻopili maikaʻi ai, Ke kūpono nei i nā waihona mīkini.
• Pelekane: ʻO nāʻano hapa nui, nui loa ka hina hina a keʻokeʻo, fracture ma lalo o ka tonsile a iʻole nā hopena hopena.
• Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua: Kūpono no ka hoʻokaʻawale wela, Ke hana nei i kahi mea maikaʻi no nā'āpana mīkini a me nā kākela.
• Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion: ʻO ke kalaʻoleʻole, ʻOiai e hoʻomaikaʻiʻia me kekahi mau mea hana a iʻole nā mea lapaʻau.

3. He aha ka mea kūʻai aku?

Kūʻaiʻana i ke kila he'āpana o nā'āpana hao-carbon a me nā ʻO kaʻike kuʻuna e neʻe pinepine ai 0.1% i 0.5%, ua hanaʻia e ka hoʻoheheʻeʻana a me ka hoʻoleiʻana i ka cheel molten i nā molds i nā molds e hana i nāʻano kiko'ī.

ʻAʻole like me ka hao hao, ʻO ka mea kūʻai aku i kahiʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, nā hopena i ka nui ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, paʻakikī, a me ka wellingbility.

Ua makemake nuiʻia ia no nā noi e pili ana Nā'āpana Dinamic, hopena kū'ē, and E kāʻei i ke kū'ē.

Kanuiloha

ʻOiai e hōʻike hou ana i nā lā hele i nā lā, Kūʻaiʻana i ke kila lilo i ka nui ma ka makahiki 19 ma hope o ka holomuaʻana i nā hana ma keʻano o ke kālepaʻana e like me nāʻano o ka bessemer a me nāʻano o ka best.

I kēia mau lā, ʻO ka mea kūʻai aku he mea koʻikoʻi ma keʻano, aitompetitive, mining, a me nā noi e pili ana i nā noi e pili ana i kona ikaika a me kona ikaika.

ʻO nāʻano nui o nā kila kila

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o nā kila kila

• Kahi kiko'ī o ka uila: Maʻamau 0.1-0.5%, ua hopena i ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi a me ka ulia i hoʻohālikelikeʻia i ka hao hao.
• Ikaika ikaika & Paʻakikī: Hāʻawi i nā makana kila nā mea hana maikaʻi loa, komo pū me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kū'ēʻana i ka pīhoihoi.
• Hana wela: ʻAʻole like me ka hao hao, Hiki i ka mea kila ke wela i ka wela (ua hala, wahine maila, kūlohelohe) E hoʻoikaika i ka paʻakikī, paʻakikī, a kau pale.
• Wawahua: Maikaʻi loa no ka fabrication, hōʻano hou, a me ke komoʻana i nā mea kūpono no nā'āpana e pono ai ke hoʻololi a mālama pono paha.
• Markinpalibility: Ka mea maikaʻi, ʻOiai nā mea maʻamau me keʻano o ka huiʻana a me keʻano o ka hana hana wela.
• Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion: ʻO nāʻano ākea e hilinaʻi nui ana i nā mea'ē aʻe. ʻO nā hale kūʻaiʻo Striinless he Corrosion-resistant.

4. Nā Papa Hoʻolālā: Cals cenel vs smar hao

5. Nā hana maʻamau: Cals cenel vs smar hao

ʻO ke kohoʻana i ke kohoʻana i ke kohoʻana no ka pivotal no ka mālama kālā, hui muaʻana, ʻO ka hana mechanication, a me ke kumu hana.

Hāʻawiʻia ka mea hao a me ka hao hao, Akā i kēlā me kēia mea i hāʻawi i nā pilikia kūʻokoʻa ma muli o nāʻokoʻa i loko o Meting Point, hana kūpono, a me ka hoʻonui houʻana.

Ke kūʻai aku nei i nā kaʻina hana no ka kila

Kuai aku i ke kila Sael

Sand cread ʻo ia ka hana nui loa i hoʻohanaʻia no ka hanaʻana i nā'āpana calice, nui no ka medium i nā'āpana nui.

He kumu hoʻohālike (Wood, mea meta, a iʻole resin) Hoʻohanaʻia e hoʻohālikelike i kahi lua ma ke one-a'ōmaʻomaʻo paha (Clay-File) a iʻole i hoʻopaʻaʻia.

No ka mea, koi nā mea kūʻai aku i ke kauʻana i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (1,450-1,600 ° C), Pono e hoʻolālāʻia nā'ōnaehana a me nā'ōnaehana gating e mālama i ka pīhoihoi, oluation, a me ka shrink.

Nā'āpana maʻamau: Nā Hāʻewa, nā kino valve, Nā pale lole.

Holaha Loko Paʻapela (Makemake Wax)

Kāhaka kūʻai kūʻai nā mea maikaʻi ma ka hanaʻana i nāʻano likeʻole me nā paia a me nā pā paʻa. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona wax i hoʻopaʻaʻia i loko o ka slurry curramic, ka hanaʻana i kahiʻili i hanaʻia ma hope mai a ua laweʻia.

ʻO kēia kaʻina hana kiʻekiʻe, he kūpono kūpono no ka steel cat ma muli o kona hiki ke hōʻemi i ka machini, ʻO ka mea nui no ka asspace paʻakikī, olakino, a iʻole nā'āpana ikaika.

Nā'āpana maʻamau: Nā'āpana o Turbine, nā mea hana lāʻau lapaʻau, Nā'ĀpanaʻAmelika.

Thiva stielt mold mold

Nā wili lei hoʻohana i kahiʻano mea hao i kahi mea e ho'ōla ai i kahi pale o ka sandin resin. Hāʻawi ia i ka pae kiʻekiʻe a me ka dimensional i hoʻohālikelikeʻia i ka paleʻana i keʻano o ka nui.

No ka kila, ʻO ke kaʻina hana maikaʻi loa i ka wā e pono ai nā mea i loaʻa i nā mea kiʻekiʻe me ke kiʻekiʻe.

Nā'āpana maʻamau: Nā Mokuna Pūnaewele, ʻO nā brackets hydraulic, Ke lawe nei i nā caps.

Cast Canel Centrifume

I ʻO Centricugual kāhea, Ua nininiʻiaʻo Molten Steel i loko o kahi pale.

ʻO ka Spinning High Spinning i nā mea hao i waho e kū'ē i ka paia mod, ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka hana a me ka hōʻemiʻana i nā hemahema e like me ka hoʻopiliʻana a iʻole keʻano o ke kino.

Maikaʻi loa no nā'āpana cylindrical a iʻole nā'āpana tubular, Hoʻokumu kēiaʻano hana i nā'āpana me kahi maikaʻi maikaʻi, ʻO ka hoʻolālā kūpono loa.

Nā'āpana maʻamau: Nā pipes kila, moe 'ana, a apo no ka aila & nā noi a me nā noi rail.

Kāhea aku i ke kāheaʻana (No nā huahana Semi-hoʻopau)

ʻOiaiʻaʻole i hoʻohanaʻia no ka net-net a iʻole nā'āpana, Ke hoʻomau neiʻo Casting Casting i kaʻoihana kila e hana i nā billets, Nā Wulu, a me nā slabs.

Ua nininiʻiaʻo Molten Steel i loko o kahi papa wai, kū pono e like me ka hukiʻana. ʻO kēia mauʻano ma hope o ka hanaʻana ma o ke kalaʻana, machining, a iʻole e holo ai.

Nā huahana: Bar stock, nā sruptural beams, sheet steel.

ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku no ka hao hao

Hoʻolei i ka hao o ka hao

ʻO keʻano o ke one o ke one e waiho ana i keʻano nui no ke kumu nui no ka hao ma muli o kona uku haʻahaʻa, Recyclabiality, a me ka hoʻololiʻana.

ʻO ka "Green" e pili ana i kaʻikeʻana i kaʻike i loko o ke one, i hoʻopaʻaʻia me ka clay bentonite.

ʻO keʻano o ka wai a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka hao (1,100-1,250 ° C) e kūpono kūpono no kēia kaʻina hana.

Nā'āpana maʻamau: Uhi kuikahi, Nā poloka mīkini, ʻO nā mea hoʻonani.

Wahī hao no-cake (Resin-boned) Sand cread

I loko o ka moding, Ua hui pūʻiaʻo Sand me kahi resin a me nā catalyst e pili ana i ka mahana o ka lumi, hana ikaika, rigid wilds.

ʻO kēia kaʻina hana i makemakeʻia no nā'āpana hao nui e pono ai e koi i ka pololeiʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o keʻano o keʻano o ke kaʻa.

Nā'āpana maʻamau: Nā kumu mīkini nui, ulau kaaihi, hanakai.

Hōʻike i ka mea hao'olokel

Hoʻohana pinepineʻiaʻo Shell Choreing Capinging i ka hao akā e lilo i mea e pono ai ke lilo i mea e pono ai nā mea kanu a iʻole ka neʻeʻana. ʻO nā mea i kohoʻia i keʻano, semi-rigid moe a puni ke kumu.

No ka mea, ua lele maikaʻi ka hao, Hoʻomaopopo kēia kaʻina hana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka flashimal flash a me ka wehewehe maikaʻi.

Nā'āpana maʻamau: Nā holohaʻana, nā kino valve, ʻOhana hoʻonaninani.

E hoʻolei i ka lole hao hao

Hoʻohana nuiʻia no ka paila ductual pali a me nā cylinder liners, centrifugal e hoʻolei aku i nā leverages rotational ikaika e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea hao i loko o kahi mold.

No ka hao hao, ʻO kēia hoʻonuiʻana i ka hoʻokumuʻana (I nā helu Ductile), ho'ēmi i ka pososity, a hoʻolaha i ka recination grain.

Nā'āpana maʻamau: Pipaila mau Pau, Pauleila, a me nā pahu pahu.

Ua halaʻo ia i nā mea hao i hala

Nalowale ka hae hae hoʻohana i kahi papa hana polystyrene i hoʻopiliʻia ma ke oneʻole. I ka wā e nininiʻia ai ka hao ma ka hao, ʻO ka foam evaporates, Ke hana nei i keʻano me ka nui o ka mīkini minimal ma muli o keʻano haʻahaʻa o ka hao.

ʻO kēiaʻano hana hana no nā geomex paʻakikī me kaʻole o nā laina a iʻole nā code.

Nā'āpana maʻamau: Nā Manaʻo Oihana Manifolds, Nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, ʻO nā mea alohaʻole.

Nāʻokoʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻai

6. ʻO ka hana wela a me ka wellingtability: Cals cenel vs smar hao

ʻO ka hana wela a me ka wānana he koʻikoʻi nā mea i hanaʻia i ka hana, Ka olaʻana, a me ka hoʻopaʻi houʻana i nā'āpana.

ʻO nāʻano hana likeʻole ma waena o ka ceel cap a me ka hoʻolei i ka hao i ka hopena pehea e pane mai ai kēlā me kēia mea.

Kūʻaiʻana i ke kila

ʻO ka hana wela:

ʻO nā mea kila i loaʻa i ka carbon haʻahaʻa (0.1-0.5%) aʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nāʻano hana o nā wela i nā hana wela e holo ai i nā waiwai hana. Hoʻokomoʻia nā mea hana wela maʻamau:

• Annalile: E hōʻoluʻolu i ka kila, hoʻemi i nā kaumaha kūlohelohe, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka mancinability.
• Hana maʻamau: E hōʻoluʻolu i keʻano grain ma ka hoʻomehana ma luna o ka mahana koʻikoʻi (~ 870-950 ° C) ukali e ka ea o ka ea; hoʻonui i ka ikaika a paʻakikī.
• ʻO ka huhū a me ka hoʻowalewale: Rapid holoi (Queech) mai ka austenitizing wela (~ 900-1,000 ° C) e hana ma Martite, ukaliʻia e ka huhūʻana i ka paʻakikī paʻakikī a me ka lōʻihi.
  He mea nui kēia kaʻina hana no ka lole-resistant a kiʻekiʻe paha.

Uaʻae kēia mau mea wela wela i nā kilokilo e hoʻokō ai i kahi ākea ākea o nā meaʻike, me ka ikaika o ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe (400-800 mPA), hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka paʻakikī, a me ka paakiki.

Wawahua:

Ua hoʻolōʻihiʻia nā mea hoʻowalewale i nā mele melemele a me nā microstructure homogenemy. Hiki ke hoʻopauʻia i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā hana maʻamau e like me:

• ʻO ka lole i hoʻopaʻaʻia i ka unding (Smaw)
• Gas tungsten arc welding (Gtaw)
• ʻO Flux-COED ARED ARED (Pcow)

Akā naʻe,, Pono e mālamaʻia e mālama i ka mālama muaʻana a me ka hana wela i ka wela, ʻoi aku i nā kinipōpō a iʻole nā'āpana'āpana.

Hiki i ka mea uld metal ke kūpono kokoke i nā waiwai waihona, ʻaeʻia ka hoʻoponopono maikaʻi a me ka hui pūʻana.

Hae hao

ʻO ka hana wela:

Hae hao, me kona ikea nui (2.0-4.0%) a me ka heleʻana o nā flaket slakes a iʻole nodules, ʻokoʻa nā hopena i nā wela wela:

• Annalile: Ua hoʻohana pinepineʻia i ka hao hao e hōʻemi ai i ka paʻakikī a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka'ōpū.
• Hana maʻamau: Hoʻohana palena, ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻololi i nā microstructure i loko o ka hao keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
• Ke kaumaha nei ke kaumaha: Hoʻemi i nā kaumaha kūlohelohe akāʻaʻole i paʻakikī a paʻakikī paha.

ʻAʻole like me ke kila, ʻAʻole hiki ke paʻakikī i ka hao i ka hao ma o ka quanching ma muli o ke alo o ke kiʻi, i nā mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia i ka hoʻololi marbittitic.

No laila, Ua paʻa nui nā mea hana i nā mea hana ma hope o ka hoʻoleiʻana a me ka hōʻoluʻolu.

Wawahua:

Ua nininiʻo Welling i ka hao i nā pilikia nui:

• Ka heleʻana o nā flakestite (nui loa ma ka hao keʻokeʻo hina) Hoʻopau i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka hana a me ka proponation i ka wā o ka undering.
• Ke alakaʻi nei nā alakaʻi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i Brittleness a me ka pilikia o ka huki wela.
• ʻO ka hana hōʻino hewa ma waena o ka weld a me ke kumu waihona kumu i ke kaumaha o ke kaumaha.

Pono pinepineʻo Welding i ka hao hao:

• ʻO nāʻenehana kūikawā e like me ka preheating (200-400 ° C), lohi mālie, a me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā metals filler.
• Ka hāpaiʻana a iʻole ke kaumahaʻana ma hope o ka hoʻoliloʻana e hōʻemi i ka hoʻopunipuni.

8. ʻO ka paleʻana o ka corrosion a me ka hoʻopauʻana: Cals cenel vs smar hao

ʻO ka hana waiwai i nā wahi kūpono a me ka maikaʻi o kaʻikeʻana i keʻano ma hope o ke kūʻaiʻana aku i nā mea kūʻai aku a iʻole maching, Hana, a me nā aesthetics.

Kāheaʻo Steel aʻo PadAl, ʻOiai nā meaʻelua, ʻokoʻa loa i loko o ka paleʻana o ka corrosion a me ka post-singing i nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻopau ma muli o ko lākou huiʻana, moloka, a me kaʻikeʻona.

Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion

Kūʻaiʻana i ke kila

ʻO ka mea kūʻai akuʻo Steel i loaʻa ʻO ka paleʻana o ka paleʻana o ka'ōpū ma mua o ka hoʻoleiʻana i ka hao ma muli o konaʻano hou, ʻO ka Michoogeneous Microstructure a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

Akā naʻe,, Hāʻawi ia nui loa i loko o ka corrosioni ma waena o nā hana a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nāʻano hiʻohiʻona:

• ʻO nā kila kila kila i hanaʻoleʻia i nā lole lole i ka wā i hōʻikeʻia ai i ka mistiture a iʻole oxygen.
• ʻO nā kinipōpō e hoʻokaʻawaleʻia (E.g., me ka chromium, nickel, a molybdelum) hiki ke pale i nāʻano likeʻole:

• • Nā kila kila (≥10.5% cr) Hōʻike i nā pale kū'ē, i loko o nā hoʻonohonoho acidic a iʻole nā'āpana moana.

• Pili pū me Nā pāpale (garvalirigigling, Kāleka, epoxy) No ka paleʻana i ka pale.

Hae hao

ʻOiaiʻo Brittle Brittle, Hōʻike pinepineʻiaʻo ka mea hao ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka corrosion ma luna o nā wahi stagnant aʻoluʻolu paha, nui ma muli o ka pale akuʻo Octives hanaʻia e nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi a me nā kiʻi paʻi.

Nāʻano hiʻohiʻona:

• 'Āpana hina hana a Kūkai, E hoʻokaʻawale i nā'āpana Oxide e lohi ana i keʻano o ke kaʻina hana pilikino.
• ʻO ka Matrix pila hana e like me ka cathode, ka hanaʻana i ka hao i emi iho ai i ka poki i ka hohonu hohonu akāʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka maʻalahi o ka oxidation.
• Ui Hāʻawi i kahi hana maikaʻi maikaʻi ma mua o ka hao hina, ʻoi aku me nā coatist a iʻole nā pilina epoy.

Hoʻopau ka lani ma hope o ke kāheaʻana a me ka machining

Kūʻaiʻana i ke kila

• Ma muli o kona ʻO ka hana a me keʻano grain, Hiki i ke kila ke loaʻa i kahi ʻO ka hoʻopauʻana i ka papa post-techning a me ka polishing.
• E like me nā papa i hoʻopaʻaʻia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka rugher ma mua o ka hao hao akā hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻiʻia me ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka hoʻopukapukaʻana a iʻole ka lōʻihi.
• Kūpono no nā mea i koiʻia ʻO nā mea paʻa a iʻole nā mea hōʻailona koʻikoʻi.

Maʻamau (e like me-lawe):

• Sand cread: RA 12.5-25 μM
• Kāhaka kūʻai kūʻai: Ra 1.6-6.3 μm

Hae hao

• ʻO ka hao hao ʻO ka Castability maikaʻi loa, nā hopena pinepine i nā hopena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi Mai nā Molds.
• Akā naʻe,, 'ōlelo Ke hele nei o ka pakuhi hiki ke hana a ʻO nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi kiʻiʻoniʻoni, nui loa i ka hao hina.
• ʻO ka Machin ke kiʻekiʻe Ma muli o ke kiʻi kiʻi hana e like me ka breaker chip a me ka lubricant, e alakaʻi ana i ka hopena post-prosaning maikaʻi.

Maʻamau (e like me-lawe):

• 'Ōmaʻomaʻo lā: RA 6.3-12.5 μM
• Nā pāpale pīpī pale: RA 3.2-6.3 μM

9. Loaʻa a me nā kaupalena a me nā palena o ka camer camer vs had hao

Ke kohoʻana ma waena Kūʻaiʻana i ke kila vsa hae hao hilinaʻi i kahi kaulike o ka hana mechanical, Kālā, mea hana, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, a me nā koi kūpono kūpono.

Hāʻawi nā huahanaʻelua i nā ikaika a me nā mea kūʻai aku i ka hana i ka hopena a me nā hoʻoholo kūpono.

Kūʻaiʻana i ke kila

Loaʻa

1. Koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe & Paʻakikī
   Hōʻikeʻo Shop Steel i ka hopena maikaʻi loa a me ka ikaika o keʻano, e kūpono ana i nā noi a me nā noi kiʻekiʻe.
2. ʻO ka wellolid
   ʻO kona mauʻike haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka hana homogeneous eʻaeʻia no ka maʻalahi a me ka hoʻoponopono.
3. Koho ākea ākea
   Hiki ke hoʻohuiʻia me ka chromium, nickel, Mybridelu, etc., E hoʻonui i ke kū'ē kū'ē, paakiki, a iʻole ke kū'ēʻana.
4. ʻO ka wela wela
   Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia nā mea mechanical properties ma o ka mālama wela (E.g., Queech, huhū, Annalile).
5. ʻO ka paleʻana o ka momona maikaʻi
   Kūpono no ka cyclic e lawe ana a me nā kūlana pīhoihoi (E.g., ʻO nā'āpana a iʻole nā'āpana kaʻa).

PAHUI

1. Haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa
   ʻOi aku ka nui o ka shnidice kiʻekiʻe a me ka maikaʻiʻole e hoʻokaʻawale i nāʻano likeʻole a iʻole nāʻano likeʻole.
2. Uku kiʻekiʻe
   ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kumu o ka hoʻohanaʻana o ka ikehu, ʻO ka paʻakikī, a me nā mea'ē aʻe.
3. Hoʻopau ʻili
   ʻO General Rougher ma mua o ka hao hao ma keʻano he palapala kaukau a hiki paha ke koi i ka machining hou.
4. Ka manaʻo (Inā weheʻoleʻia)
   Koi aku i nā pale kaua a iʻole ka alloying no nā noi i nā wahi o nāʻoihana.

Hae hao

Loaʻa

1. ʻO ka Castability maikaʻi loa
   Kahe maʻalahi i nā molds; Kūpono no ka paʻakikī, laki, a iʻole nāʻano likeʻole.
2. ʻO ka machiniblibility
   ʻO ka mea e hana ai ka microstructure microstructure e like me ka lubricant, ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ka machinbility a me ke ola hana.
3. Maikaʻi maikaʻi
   Kūpono no nā waihona mīkini a me nā poloka mīkini i kahi kani a me keʻano o ka haunaele.
4. Kumukūʻai-maikaʻi
   ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka ikaika o ka ikehu.
5. Ke kū'ēʻana o ke ao kūlohelohe (I nā kūlana stagnant)
   Nui ka hao hina, ʻO nāʻano e pale ai i kahi'āpana oxie.

PAHUI

1. Frittle fricture
   Haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka hopena maikaʻiʻole e hōʻoleʻia no ka laweʻana i ka dynamic a iʻole nā noi kiʻekiʻe.
2. Weliweli
   Paʻakikī i ka weld ma muli o nā flake a me nāʻike kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe; ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi pinepineʻana.
3. ʻO ka ikaika Tissile
   ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i ka cheel catel i ka laweʻana i nā noi.
4. Nā koho koho wela wela
   Palena palena loa i ke kaumaha e hōʻoluʻolu ai a hoʻohewa paha; Ua emi iki nā mea mechanical.

10. Nā noi maʻamau o ka cheel cat ceel vs smar hao

Ke koho mawaena Kūʻaiʻana i ke kila and hae hao e alakaʻi pinepineʻia e nā koi hana, 'Āpana Kūlana, a me nā mea hoʻokele waiwai.

ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku i nā noi

ʻO keʻano nui o ka hao, whola, a me nā waiwai nui e kūpono ai i nā mea i kūpono no nā'āpana me nā geomera paʻakikī, Nā Puke Static, a me ke kani / leo ikaika.

ʻO nā noi noi noi noi

Ua makemakeʻiaʻo Cat Steel ma nāʻoihana e koi ana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, hopena kū'ē, a me keʻano kūlike, maʻamau ma lalo o nā kūlana lawelawe a iʻole nā lawelawe lawelawe.

11. Hopena

ʻO nā mea hao a me nā mea kūʻai aku i ke kālepa e pāʻani nei i nā kuleana pono i loko o kaʻenehana hou.

He kūpono keʻano o ka hao i nā noi noi e koi ana i ka hale kūʻai maikaʻi loa, markinpalibility, a me ka pala, ʻO nā mea e nānā i nā steel steel i nā hopena kiʻekiʻe, ikaika-ikaika, a me nā pilikia momona.

Pono e pili ana i nā koho waiwai e pili ana i nā koi kūpono, nā kūlana hana, a me nā kumukūʻai ola e hoʻokō ai i ka hana maikaʻi a me ka nui.

ʻO nā lawelaweʻo GRANGH

Langhe Hāʻawi i kahi ākea ākea o nā lawelawe lawelaweʻana i nā lawelawe e hoʻopiliʻia e hālāwai me nā pono o kaʻoihana.

ʻO kā mākou mau pono he nui i ka hanaʻana i nāʻenehana a me nā mea kila e hōʻoia ai e hōʻoia i ka hana maikaʻi, o ka kūlana, a me ke kumukūʻai-kūpono no kēlā me kēia papahana.

ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku e hāʻawi mākou:

• Sand cread
• Hoʻolei kālā (Makemake Wax)
• Ke hoʻomau mau nei
• Hoolei Make
• ʻO Centricugual kāhea
• Hoolei Huhu Nalo
• ʻO ke kāheaʻana

Mea hana a mākou e hana ai:

• Hae hao (Iron Roil, Ui, Keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo)
• Kūʻaiʻana i ke kila (ʻO ka hao hao, Hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa-alino, Kila kohu ʻole)
• Apana Apana Aluminum (Alismi10mg, A356, etc.)
• Nā koho koho balota (keleawe, Bronze)
• ZINC Alloys
• HE MAU LOA HOOLAHA (ʻO ka wela-pale, ʻO nā helu corrosionion-resistant)

Inā pahaʻoe e ulu ana Nā māhele paʻakikī Oole ʻO nā hale kūʻai nui, Langhe ʻO kāu hoa hilinaʻi no ka hilinaʻi, ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

FaqS

Uaʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hao ma mua o ka kila?

ʻAʻole. Uaʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka mea kūʻai aku (400-1000 MPA) ma mua o ka hao hao (400-800 mPA) aʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka hao hina hina (200-400 MPPA).

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka hao?

Hiki ke hoʻopauʻia ka hao duticle me ka preheating (200-300 ° C) akā ua nalowaleʻo 10-20% dercility. He mea paʻakikī ka hina hina hina ma muli o ka brittleness. Kāhea maʻalahi i nā cetal wildls, e hoʻohālikelike ana i ka ikaika manino.

He oi aku ka machnicable?

Gray iron is most machinable (graphite acts as a lubricant), followed by ductile iron. Cast steel is harder to machine, requiring carbide tools.

No ke aha i hoʻohanaʻia ai ka mea hao i hoʻohanaʻia no nā poloka mīkini?

Its vibration-damping reduces noise, low-cost suits mass production, and fluidity enables complex water jackets and oil galleries.

I ka wā e pono ai nā mea kila kila?

In corrosive environments (Ke wai wai, kinopa) or high-purity applications (Ka Makani, ʻO ka ho'ōlaʻana i ka meaʻai) where rust or contamination is unacceptable.