Hōʻikeʻike
keleawe, he alloy i hana muaʻia mai ke keleawe a me ka zinc, ʻo ia kekahi o nāʻoihana hana i kēia manawaʻo ka hapa nui loa a me nā mea i hoʻohana nuiʻia.
Kaulana no kona hui houʻana o nā waiwai e like me ke kū'ēʻana, mallepihapiha, a me nā mea hoʻopiʻi Aesthetic, ʻO ke keleawe he nui e lilo i mea kūpono no nā noi no nā noi i nā'āpana likeʻole.
Mai nā mea uila uila i nā noi marine, ʻO ke keleawe e hāʻawi ana i nā hana maikaʻi loa a me ka nui.
Hoʻopau kēiaʻatikala i nā waiwai nui, Nāʻano likeʻole, a me nā noi he nui o ke keleawe,
ke manaʻo nei no ke kumu e noho ana i kahi mea pono i ka automotive, mea uila, Biikona, a me nāʻoihana moana.
1. Nā keleawe?
keleawe he alloy i hanaʻia e ka hoʻohuiʻana i nā keleawe (Cu) a me zinc (Zn), me ka waiwai keleawe e neʻe pinepine ai mai 60% i 90%.
Ka helu kiko'ī o ke keleawe i zinc, me nā mea'ē aʻe'ē aʻe e like me ke alakaʻi, kū, aluminum, a hao hao, Hoʻokomoʻia i nā waiwai holoʻokoʻa o ke keleawe, e hana ana i kahi mea kūpono.
ʻO keʻano o ke keleawe e hiki ai i ka hana o nāʻano'ē aʻe, ʻO kēlā me kēia hoʻolālā e hoʻokō i nā koi likeʻole.
- Nāʻikepili keleawe kiʻekiʻe (A puni 70% a ma luna): Keleawe me nā mea kūʻai keleawe kiʻekiʻe he palupalu,
ʻO ke kala gula a hoʻohana pinepineʻia no nā kumu hoʻonaninani, nā mea kani, a me nā noi'ē aʻe kahi e hoʻopiʻi ai kahi hoʻopiʻi Aesthetic. - Nā manaʻo keleawe haʻahaʻa (A puni 60% A ma lalo): ʻOi aku ka nui o ke keleawe me nā haʻahaʻa keleawe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa,
me kahi helehelena kālā, Ke kūpono nei ia i nā hoʻohanaʻenehana ma kahi o ka ikaika a me ka ikaika o ka ikaika a me nā mea hana i mua o ke kala.
2. ʻO nā waiwai o ke keleawe
Hiki i nā hiʻohiʻona kiko'ī ke hoʻololi i keʻano ma muli o keʻano o ka hoʻohuiʻana,
akā,ʻo kona mau waiwai holoʻokoʻa e hana ai i kahi koho kūpono no nā noi e koi ana i ka nui, ke ola, a me nā mea hoʻopiʻi Aesthetic.
Huakai
He keleawe he keleawe mea waiwai, ʻOiai he māmā ma mua o nā metala'ē aʻe e like me ka kila.
Ka nui o ke keleawe o ke keleawe 8.3 i 8.7 g / cm³, Ke hilinaʻi nei i ka alloy a me ka hapa nui o ke keleawe a me ka zinc.
Hāʻawi kēia i ke keleawe keleawe, manaʻoʻole, Ke hana nei i kahi koho kūpono no nā'āpana e pono ai ka ikaika me ke kaumaha o nā metala kaumaha.
- ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe keleawe kiʻekiʻe Hoʻonui iki i ka nani o ke keleawe, Hāʻawi i ka ikaika hou a me ka nui.
- Nā'āpana keleawe, Ma muli o kā lākou pono kaulike, hoʻohana pinepineʻia ʻO nā noi Marine, nā'āpana automothetive, and Pūnaewele Pūnaewele.
Malting Point
Loaʻa i ke keleawe he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke keleawe maʻemaʻe ma muli o ka hoʻohui o Zinc. ʻO keʻano o keʻano ma lalo o nā wahi ma waena 900° C a 940 ° C, Ke hilinaʻi nei i ka hoʻonohonoho kiko'ī.
ʻO kēiaʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e lilo i keleawe ma ke keleawe kiola and Hāʻawiʻia hoʻohālikelikeʻia i nā metala'ē aʻe,
ʻo ia ka mea kūpono no nāʻoihana e koi ana i nā mea hana pololei a me nā kaʻina hana maikaʻi.
- Koho Kohoia Loaʻa i kahi manawa kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o keʻano o ka hoʻopiliʻana o alumini, hāʻawi aku i ka hana maikaʻi ma lalo o nā mahana kiʻekiʻe.
Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua
Nā Hōʻike Kūʻai Nui maikaʻi maikaʻi thermal, ʻOiai he mea liʻiliʻi ia ma mua o ke keleawe maʻemaʻe ma keʻano he wela wela.
Ia Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau ma waena 120 and 180 W / m · c · k, Ma muli o ke kāwiliʻana i ka alloy.
Hana kēia i ke keleawe kūpono no nā mea hana wela, radiators, a me nā noi'ē aʻe.
- Koho pinepineʻia ke keleawe ma kahi o nāʻoihana e pono ai keʻano o ka wela wela.
Mea kūʻai uila
Oiai Keihei ʻaʻole ia e like me keʻano he keleawe maʻemaʻe, Hāʻawi ia ʻO ka hana uila maikaʻi, ka maʻamau a puni 28% i 43% Iac (International Anneed Copper Standard), Ke hilinaʻi nei i kaʻikepili zinc.
Hiki i keʻano o kaʻoihana uila o ka mea kūʻai aku e hoʻohanaʻia ma Nā'Āpana Pūnaewele, Nā Hōʻailona, and hoʻololi kahi e kū ai a me ke kū'ēʻana i ka corrosion e like me ka nui o keʻano.
- ʻO ke keleawe manuahi manuahi, kahi i loaʻa ai ka mīkini kiʻekiʻe, Hoʻohana pinepineʻia Nā'āpana uila Ma muli o kāna kaulike o ke ola and hana.
Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion
ʻO kekahi o nā mea pilikino o ke kālā o ke keleawe Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosion Corrosion.
Ma muli o kaʻikepili keleawe, ʻO ke keleawe maoli ka mea i pale i kahi'āpana oxde pale i ka wā i hōʻikeʻia ai ka lewa, e kōkua ana i ka paleʻana i ka corrosio hou.
Maikaʻi loa ke keleawe i loko ʻO nā wahi kai moana, Nā'ōnaehana plubbing, a me nā noi'ē aʻe i hōʻikeʻia i ka mistiture a me nā kemika.
- Nāʻili manu, Me ka hoʻohuiʻana o Tin, hāʻawiʻia Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion I loko o ka paʻakai, e hana ana i kahi koho i makemakeʻia no KOMIKANA LOA Uā huakai, Pumps, and Nā Vilves.
ʻO ka hoʻopauʻana a me nā hoʻopiʻi Aesthetic
Komohana Keʻano hāʻawi ia i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ʻO nā hoʻopiʻi Aesthetic, e hana ana i kahi koho kaulana no mea hoʻonani kiʻi, Kōhai, and Kahikinahewa Fouxsies.
Hiki ke hoʻopiliʻia ke keleawe i kahi mea nani a iʻole eʻaeʻia e kūkulu i kahi Patina ua holo ʻoi aʻe ka manawa, ka hoʻohuiʻana i kona noiʻike i nā noi e like me nā mea kani, Nā'āpana waiwai, and mea uila.
- 'Ōlelo Waiwai Kahuna Hue and pale aku i ka tarnishing E hōʻoia i ka mālamaʻana o ke keleawe ma kona nani a me ka luster ma luna o ka manawa, i nā mea like lima lima Oole ʻO nā trophies Award.
Hālulu
Keleawe paʻakikī loa ua hoʻohālikelikeʻia i nā media-ferous men-ferous e like me ka alumini. ʻO ka paʻakikī o ke keleawe e hoʻonui me ka hoʻohui o Zinc, eʻae ana iā ia e pale i ka lole a me ka waimaka.
'Ōlelo paakiki ʻo ke keleawe e hana ai i kahi mea i makemakeʻia no nā mea iʻikeʻia e hōʻikeʻia ana i ka hana mau, e like me Kauluhi, Pumps, Kāhele, and Nā Vilves.
- Keka ulaula ulaula (me nā mea kūʻai keleawe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe) he somet akā e hāʻawi i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i ka corrosione.
- Kūpono keleawe mangenese, Me nā manganese, Hāʻawi i kahi kiʻekiʻe paakiki and ikaika ikaika, He kūpono kūpono no ka nā noiʻenehana.
Ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka
He keleawe he lawa ka hanaʻana i ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka hoʻoiliʻana (mawaena 18 i 20 x 10 ^ -6 / k),
ʻO keʻano e hoʻonui ai a me nā aelike a me nā kuikahi me nāʻano wela, Akāʻaʻole i ka nui o kekahi mau metals.
Ua kūpono kēia waiwai i kūpono no nā noi kūpono, Aia kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe.
ʻo kahi laʻana, NāʻImi Kūleʻa and KahawaiOli i hōʻikeʻia i nāʻano likeʻole e noho mau ana ma mua o ka manawa.
Hana
Nui loa ke keleawe hana, ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke maʻalahi kiola, machine, Hapai, and pio i nāʻano likeʻole.
Hoʻohana kēia hoʻololi i kahi mea i hoʻohanaʻia ma nāʻano hana hana he nui.
Mody alloys like ʻO ke keleawe manuahi manuahi maʻalahi ke maʻalahi i ka mīkini, ʻaeʻia no ka hanaʻana o ka liʻiliʻi, e like me nā mea like Nā wilipū, nā bolts, and Kauluhi.
- Hiki i ke keleawe ke maʻalahi pio i loko o ʻO nā Roos, Nā BaRS, and pipes, e hana nui ana i plumbing and Nā noiʻike mechanical.
3. ʻO nā mea iʻikeʻia o ke keleawe
Ua manaʻo nuiʻia ke keleawe no kāna Nā Pīkuhi Propertinies, ka mea e hoʻohui i ka ikaika, durability, a me ka hana.
Hiki i kāna hana ke hoʻololi i keʻano o ka hoʻohui hoʻohuiʻana, aka, overerall, Hāʻawi ia i kahi kaulike o ka paʻakikī, Hōʻike ', a me ka ikaika kūpono no ka nui o nā noi.
Aia ma lalo nei nā kumu nui o nā mea hana e hana ai i ke keleawe he nui loa:
Ikaika
Ua kaulanaʻia ke keleawe no kāna ikaika ikaika pili i nā metala non-ferous. Hiki ke hoʻonui houʻia ka ikaika o ke keleawe ma muli o keʻano o ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka alloy. ʻo kahi laʻana:
- Keka ulaula ulaula, Me kāna mau kālā keleawe kiʻekiʻe, hāʻawi ikaika ikaika hoʻohālikelikeʻia i ke keleaweʻulaʻula, e hoʻohanaʻia ma nā noi hou a iʻole nā noi.
- Nā mea nui e like me ʻO ke keleawe manuahi manuahi and Nāʻili manu Hāʻawi hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻiʻia e hana ana iā lākou i kūpono no nā noi hana koʻikoʻi e like me Kauluhi, Nā Vilves, and Pumps.
Hālulu
Nā mea kūʻai aku i nā mea kōkua maʻalahi i ka paʻakikī, e hana ana iā lākou i keʻano i kaʻili a me ka deformation.
ʻO ka paʻakikī o ke keleawe e hilinaʻi nei i ka Nā Manaʻo Zinc, me nā pae kiʻekiʻe zinc kiʻekiʻe e hāʻawi pinepine i nā huahana.
'Ōlelo paakiki Eʻae i ke keleawe e hoʻomau ai hoʻopihaʻia and ʻaʻa, ke kūpono kūpono no nā mīkini mīkini, Kāhele, and Nā lako hana eʻike ana i ka nui maʻamau.
Kumaikalua
ʻO kekahi o nā mea waiwai koʻikoʻi nui loa o ke keleawe kumaikalua.
Hiki ke kiʻiʻia ke keleawe i nā wili i loko o nā wili a iʻole i loko o nāʻano paʻakikī paʻakikī me ka wāwahi, ʻo ia kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi i nā noi e koi ana i ka hoʻopiliʻana i nā kiko'ī.
ʻO kēia kumaikalua he keleawe kumu nui i makemakeʻia ma ka lako uila, mea kani mele, and nāʻoihana popo plumbing.
Paʻakikī
Hui keleawe ikaika me paʻakikī, ʻo keʻano hiki ke hoʻopili i ka ikehu me kaʻole o ka hoʻopiliʻana a wāwahi paha.
Hana kēia waiwai i kahi koho nui no nā'āpana e pili ana i nā pilikia mechanical a iʻole nā hopena, e like me Mary Ples and nā'āpana automotive.
'Ōlelo paʻakikī E hōʻoia i ka mea kūʻai aku i ke kālā i loko o kāna hana hoʻonohonoho i nā wahi paʻakikī, ʻOiai ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ka paleʻana o ka momona
Hōʻikeʻo ke keleawe ʻO ka paleʻana o ka momona, Ke kūpono nei ia i nā'āpana e pili ana i nā mea hou aʻe a iʻole ke kaumaha cyclical.
He mea nui kēia i nāʻoihana e like me AerERPPACE and aitompetitive, kahi e like ai e like me Kauluhi, picsons, and Nā Vilves i kauʻia i ka lawe mauʻana a me ka weheʻana.
ʻO ka hiki ke hiki i keʻano o nā mea i hōʻikeʻia i kēia mau'ōlelo reteetitive me kaʻole o ka hukiʻana a iʻole e kōkua ai i nā mea kōkua o nā'āpana kiʻekiʻe.
Elasticity
Loaʻa i nā mea kūʻai aku ke kālā elasticity, eʻae iā lākou e hoʻi i ko lākouʻano mua ma hope o kahi nui o ke kaumaha o ke kaumaha.
'Ōlelo Elastic Modulus ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke keleawe ma mua o ka alumini, e kūpono ana i nā noi e koi ai hilinaʻi Ma lalo o ke kaomi mau, e like me punawai Oole Aloha.
Markinpalibility
Kaulana loa nā kālā kālā no kā lākou ʻO ka Mancinability maikaʻi.
ʻO ke keleawe kekahi o nā metala maʻalahi loa eʻoki, Hoʻopikau, a iʻole keʻano ma muli o konaʻano palupalu (ua hoʻohālikelikeʻia i ke kila), e like me ka manawa a pau alakaʻi Oole kū.
ʻO ka Macinali kiʻekiʻe e hana pono ai no nā noi e pili ana ʻO nāʻano paʻakikī Oole nā hoʻomanawanui paʻa, e like me Nā'āpana 2., Nā wilipū, and Nā mea paʻa.
E kāʻei i ke kū'ē
Hāʻawi ke keleawe ʻO ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi, ʻo ia ka mea e koho ai i kahi koho kūpono no nā'āpana eʻike mau ana i ke kamaʻilio mauʻana a iʻole ka loaʻaʻana.
Mody alloys like Kūpono keleawe mangenese and Koho Kohoia he mea kūpono loa ia i nā noi kiʻekiʻe ma luna o kā lākou e hoʻonuiʻia ai.
Keleawe-pale pale i hoʻohana maʻamau no Kāhele, Bussings, and Mary Ples, Ma kahi e kau ai mai nā mea kanu i hiki ke lilo i ka hopohopo nui.
Pale pale
Nā Hōʻike Kūʻai Nui ʻO ke koena CEARP CREEP ma nā wela wela.
E pili anaʻo Creep i keʻano o nā mea waiwai e hōʻole ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi mau i ka manawa, kūikawā ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
Hana maikaʻi nā mea nui ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana, ka mālamaʻana i nāʻano hana kūpono i nā wahi i hiki ai ke hōʻeha ke kaumaha.
Hana kēia i ke keleawe kūpono no Na'Āpana Engine and nā mea hana wela.
Ka uila a me ka formability
Komohana Hōʻike ' and NoMame hiki iā ia keʻano e like me keʻano me kaʻole o ka hoʻopiliʻana.
Inā paha i nā'āpanaʻili Nā'Āpana Pūnaewele, pipes No ka plumbing, Oole apo No nā hui hui,
Hiki ke hoʻopauʻia ke keleawe ma nāʻano likeʻole e hoʻokō ai i nā koi o nāʻoihana likeʻole.
Kēia mau waiwai, hui pū me kāna kumaikalua, E hana i nā mea maʻalahi i kahi mea maʻalahi e hana i nā geomet paʻakikī.
4. ʻAno keleawe
E hele mai ke keleawe ma kekahi mau alloysʻokoʻa, ʻO kēlā me kēia hoʻolālā no ka hoʻohanaʻana i nāʻenehana hana kūikawā.
ʻO ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona o kēlā me kēiaʻano he mea nui ke kohoʻana i ka pono kūpono no kahi noi i hāʻawiʻia.
Hiila mele (65% keleawe, 35% Zinc):
Kaulana no kona kala gula likeʻole, Hoʻohana pinepineʻia ke keleawe melemele i nā mea hoʻonaninani, ʻO nā mea hoʻopihapiha, a me kekahi mau mea nani.
Hāʻawi ia i ka machnianbility maikaʻi loa a me ka ikaika maikaʻi, e hana ana i kahi koho kaulana no nā noi e koi ai i keʻano a me ka hana.
Keka ulaula ulaula (A i 90% keleawe, 10% Zinc):
Me kāna mau waiwaiʻulaʻula ulaula a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, Hāʻawiʻo Red Call keleawe iʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka corrosion ma mua o ke keleawe melemele.
Hoʻohana pinepineʻia ia i nā noi mariine, Nā Vilves, Nā Faucets, a me nā radiators, kahi e kū ai ka paleʻana i ka paʻakai paʻakai.
Keleawe ke alakaʻi (2-4% Alakaʻi):
ʻO ke keleawe e alakaʻiʻia he nui o ke alakaʻi, ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻomaikaʻi nuiʻia me kaʻole o ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka pono o ka pono o keʻano.
He kūpono kēia allolo no nā'āpana e koi ana i ka machise pololei, e like me nā mea holo, Nā wilipū, a me nā bolts.
Hoʻolālā no nā wahi moana, Hoʻokomoʻo Naval Browpleates Tin e hoʻonui i ke kū'ē kū'ē,
Ke hana nei i ka maikaʻi loa no nā moku moku e like me nā mea waiwai, Pumps, a me nā awāwa.
Koho Kohoia (keleawe, Zinc, and 9-11% Aluminum):
ʻO ka hoʻohuiʻana o nā alumini i hoʻonuiʻia i ka ikaika a me ke kū'ēʻana i ke kū'ēʻana i nā kūlana a me nā kūlana kai.
Hoʻohana pinepineʻia ia i nā noi koʻikoʻi, e komo pū ana i nā mea kālepa wela a me nā mea hana manu manu.
NA MANI SPANICH (keleawe, Zinc, and 1-3% Silikino):
Hoʻohanaʻia ke keleawe Silkona ma ka mālamaʻana i nā noi noi a hāʻawi i nā mea e hoʻoponopono pono ai, mau loa i loko o ka plumbing fitters a me nā mea hoʻohui uila.
Kōkua kaʻike Sillion i pale i ka dezincification, heʻano o ka corrosio e pili ana i nā heihei keleawe he nui i ka manawa.
Kūpono keleawe mangenese (keleawe, Zinc, Mang kāne, A i kekahi manawa aluminim):
He ikaika loa kēia mau mea keleawe aʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, Ke kūpono nei ia no nā'āpana e pono ai ke pale aku i ke kū'ēʻana.
Hoʻohana pinepineʻia ke keleawe mang kāne ma nā kālā, nā mea kani, a me nā'āpana'ē aʻe e koi ai i ka paʻakikī a me ka lōʻihi.
5. Loaʻa nā māka keleawe
Hele mai nā mea kūʻai keleawe ma nāʻano likeʻole o nā helu helu no nā noi kūikawā. Hāʻawi kēlā me kēia papa i nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa, Ke hilinaʻi nei i kānaʻano hoʻohui. Nā helu maʻamau e komo ai:
- C26000 (Keleawe cretridge): Kaulana no ka maikaʻi loa a me ka wellingtibility, ʻO C26000 kahi koho kiʻekiʻe no nā'āpana uila a me nā mīkini.
- C36000 (ʻO ke keleawe manuahi manuahi): Me ka 61% keleawe, ʻIkeʻia kēia papa hana no kāna manina kaulana,
ʻO ka hana kūpono no ka hanaʻana i nā'āpana kaʻa, ʻO nā kiʻi kūpono, a me nā mea hoʻopili uila. - C46400 (Nāʻili manu): Ua kūpono kēia alloy no nā noi mariine, kahi e pono ai ka paleʻana o ka corrosion. Ua hoʻohana pinepineʻia ia ma ka moku moku a me nā hana drilling drilling.
6. Nā Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai
ʻO ke keleawe he mea maʻamau e hiki keʻano like a neʻeʻia i loko o nā huahana ākea ma o nā kaʻina hana hana.
Aia ke kaʻina hana i kohoʻia ma nā waiwai i makemakeʻia o ka huahana hope loa, kona ano, nui, a me nā koi noi kiko'ī.
Ma lalo o nā hana hana mua e hoʻohana ai e hana i nā'āpana keleawe:
Kauhi
Kauhi ʻo ia kekahi o nā hana maʻamau maʻamau i hoʻohanaʻia e like me ke keleawe i loko o nā'āpana paʻakikī, no nā mea likeʻole a iʻole nā'āpana kiko'ī.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana e pili ana i ka nininiʻana i ke keleawe molt, eʻae ana iā ia e hōʻoluʻolu a hoʻopaʻa i kaʻano i makemakeʻia.
Ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua:
- Mālamaʻo Moldren: Hoʻolālāʻia kahi mold e hoʻokūkū i keʻano o keʻano keleawe makemake. Hiki ke hanaʻia mai ke one, mea meta, a iʻole nā kumuwaiwai'ē aʻe.
- Keleawe molt: Ua pāʻia ke keleawe a hiki i ka maʻiʻana a laila e nininiʻia i loko o ka pā.
- Mālama a me ka hoʻoponopono: Uaʻaeʻia ke keleawe molten i mea e hōʻoluʻolu ai a paʻa i keʻano o keʻano o ka neʻe.
- Ke hoʻopauʻana: Hoʻokahiʻia, laweʻia ka caly keleawe mai ka mold a hiki i lalo o ka machining, kūhā, a iʻole ka popo e hoʻokō i ka hopena i makemakeʻia a me nā dimensional.
Noi:
Ua hoʻohana nuiʻiaʻo Casting i nā noi e like me nā plumbing fixture, Nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a me nā'āpanaʻokoʻa e like me nā awāwa, Kauluhi, a me ka hoolohe.
Loaʻa:
- Maikaʻi loa no ka hanaʻana i nāʻano paʻakikī.
- Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia e hana i nā mea liʻiliʻi a me nā'āpana keleawe.
- Aeʻae no ka hana nui o nā'āpana like.
Machimen
Machimen pili i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea hana mīkini eʻoki ai a iʻole keʻano keleawe i loko o keʻano i makemakeʻia. He kūpono kūpono no ka pololei, Nā'āpana liʻiliʻi-i-medium e pono ai i nā'āpana kūpono a me nā pauʻana.
Ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua:
- ʻOkiʻia: ʻO ke keleawe he calmomini i kahi mīkini, e like me a mea Oole MilightʻAʻole huila, kahi e hoʻohana ai nā mea hana eʻoki i nā mea.
- Hoʻokaʻawale: ʻO ka mīkini mīkini e hoʻohālikelike i ke keleawe i nā kiko'ī e pono ai, pinepine e paʻa i nā hana.
- Ke hoʻopauʻana: Hiki i ka'āpana ke hana i nā kaʻina hana hou e like me keʻano a iʻole ka polish e hōʻoia i ka hoʻopauʻana i ka pauʻana i nā kiko'ī.
Noi:
Maʻamau maʻamau no ka hanaʻana, nā bolts, Kauluhi, a me nā hana'ē aʻe i nāʻoihana e like me ka automotive, AerERPPACE, a me na uila.
Loaʻa:
- Nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea paʻa paʻa.
- Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia no nā kiko'ī paʻakikī a iʻole nā kiko'ī maikaʻi.
- Hana i nā holo holo wikiwiki.
Kākau
ʻO ke kalaʻana he kaʻina kahi e waihoʻia ai ke keleawe a laila e like me keʻano, Ma kahi o ka hopena a iʻole ke kaomiʻana, E hoʻonui i ka ikaika o ka pono a me ka durability.
Hoʻopili ke kaʻina o ke kaʻina hana i nā waiwai o ke keleawe ma o ka hoʻomanaʻoʻana i kānaʻano grain.
Ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua:
- Hoʻohui: Ua wela ke keleawe i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e lulu ai ia no ke kala kala.
- Hoʻokaʻawale: Me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā hammers a iʻole nā pihi, Ua hoʻohālikelikeʻia ke keleawe Heated i loko o keʻano i makemakeʻia, ma lalo o kahi nui o ke kaomi.
- ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka hoʻopauʻana: Ma hope o ke kalaʻana, Uaʻoluʻolu ka mea hoʻopiʻi, a me nā kaʻina hana hou e like me ka machining paha e hanaʻia no nāʻano kūpono a me ka hoʻopauʻana.
Noi:
He kūpono ke kalaʻana no nā noi e koi ana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka nui, e like me nā'āpana kaʻa, nā mea kaua, Aʻo nā'āpana paʻalima mau.
Loaʻa:
- Hoʻonui i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī o ka waihona.
- Hāʻawi i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe me nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
- Maikaʻi no ka hanaʻana i nā'āpana e pono ai e like me ke koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe.
Hānehi
Hoʻokomoʻia ka paʻakikī i ke kauʻana i ke keleawe he make ma o ka make e hana lōʻihi, nā hiʻohiʻona mau, e like me nā koʻokoʻo, Nā BaRS, tuku, a me nā mea hana.
Hāʻawi kēiaʻano hana no ka hanaʻana o nā'āpana me nā'āpana likeʻole a me nā'āpana maikaʻi.
Ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua:
- Hoʻohui: Ua pāʻia ke keleawe a hiki i kahi kūlana maikaʻiʻole.
- Hānehi: Ua paʻaʻia ke keleawe heʻe ma waena o kahi pā (make) Ma lalo o ke kaomi e hana i nāʻano lōʻihi.
- E hōʻoluʻolu aʻokiʻoki: ʻO ka callid callid called, aʻokiʻia i loko o nā lōʻihi i makemakeʻia.
Noi:
Hoʻohana no ka hana lōʻihi, nā lole likeʻole e like me nā pipes, ʻO nā Roos, a me nā mea hana no nāʻoihana e like me ke kūkuluʻana, plumbing, a hana 'ana.
Loaʻa:
- Kūpono no ka hoʻokumuʻana i nāʻano likeʻole me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
- Hiki ke hana koke i nā nui.
- E hiki i ka hoʻokumuʻana o nā'āpana paʻakikī.
Hukiʻulu
ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi kahi kaʻina e kauʻia ai ke keleawe ma ka makeʻana e hōʻemi i kona wahi'āpana a hoʻonui i kona lōʻihi, e like me ka hanaʻana o ka huliʻana, tuku, a iʻole nā koʻokoʻo.
Hoʻohana pinepineʻia ia no nā huahana e pono ai i ka lōʻihi kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika.
Ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua:
- ʻO ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i nā lako: Ua kanuʻia ke keleawe i kahi wela kūikawā e hana ai i ka pliable.
- Hukiʻulu: Ua hukiʻia ke keleawe ma o ka make, ka mea e hōʻemi ai i konaʻano o keʻano e hoʻonui ana i kona lōʻihi.
- Ho'ōla: A laila eʻokiʻia ka mea aʻokiʻoki i ka lōʻihi i makemakeʻia.
Noi:
Hoʻohanaʻia ka kiʻi kiʻi i ka hana o ke kaula keleawe, 'ahuʻu, a me ka lōʻihi, nā'āpana'āpana no ka uila uila, plumbing, a me nā mea kālepa wela.
Loaʻa:
- Hana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, mea waiwai.
- He kūpono no ka hoʻomau mauʻana i nā huahana i hoʻopaʻaʻia.
- Hiki ke hana i nā mea me nā'āpana likeʻole.
Kauwili
E hoʻopili ana i ke keleawe e hele ana ma waena o nā mea hana e hōʻemi i kona mānoanoa a me keʻano i loko o nā'āpana, Nā papa, a iʻole nā'āpana. He kūpono kēiaʻano hana no ka lehulehu, nā huahana keleawe blat.
Ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua:
- Hoʻohui: Ua hoʻomehanaʻia ke keleawe e lūlū iā ia ma mua o ka heleʻana ma o nā mea lanakila.
- Kauwili: Ua hala ke keleawe ma waena o nā mea hana i holomua i kona mānoanoa a me keʻano i loko o kahi'āpana a iʻole ke kaula.
- ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka hoʻopauʻana: ʻO ke keleawe keʻokeʻo ka mea e hoʻoneʻeʻia a ma lalo o nā kaʻina hana e like me kaʻokiʻana, ho'ākāka, a polish.
Noi:
Ua hoʻohana pinepineʻiaʻo Rolling e hana i nā pale, Nā papa, a me nā kaula keleawe, i hoʻohanaʻia ma ka kaʻa kaʻa, mea uila, A papa hana i nāʻoihana.
Loaʻa:
- Hana i ka mānoanoa lole ma waena o ka pepa a iʻole ke kaula.
- Kūpono no ka hana kiʻekiʻe o nā'āpana'āpana.
- He kūpono no nā huahana nui o nā huahana keleawe.
7. Nā hemahema o ke keleawe
E like me nā lako āpau, Loaʻa iā ia kona mau ikaika a me nā palena. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopoʻana e kōkua kēia i ka hoʻoholoʻana ke kohoʻia ke koho maikaʻi loa no kahi papahana kūikawā.
Kālā:
- Kākau: ʻOiaiʻoi aku ka nui o ke keleawe ma mua o nā metala koʻikoʻi,
Hiki iā ia ke lilo i mea nui i hoʻohālikelikeʻia i nā alloys'ē aʻe a iʻole nā plastics, E noʻonoʻo pono i ka noʻonoʻoʻana i kānaʻano hana a me nā kaʻina hana hana. - Hopena: E hoʻonui paha kēia i ka uku holoʻokoʻa o nā papahana, ʻO ka nui o nā hana nui a iʻole nā noi kālā.
Ke kaumaha:
- Kākau: ʻO ke keleawe he denser aʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mea'ē aʻe he nui, Hiki i kahi palena i ka wā e kaupaona ai ke kaupaonaʻana, e like me ka aerospace a iʻole nā mea hana.
- Hopena: Hiki i ke kaumaha ke hana i ke keleawe no nā noi i nā noi e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o kahi helu he mea nui loa.
Hoʻopau i ka dezincification:
- Kākau: I kekahi mau wahi kuʻekuʻe, ʻO nā mea nui i loaʻa iā Chlorides, Hiki i ke keleawe ke ma lalo o ka dezincification, Ma kahi o Zinc Leaches ma waho o ka alloy.
Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ka hoʻohana ponoʻana i keʻano kūpono i ka manawa. - Hopena: Ua hōʻikeʻia nā māhele i kēlā mau wahi i kēlā mau wahi me kaʻole o nā hana pale kūpono eʻikeʻia i ka lōʻihi, e koi ana i nā mea hou aʻe.
Hopena kaiaulu:
- Kākau: Ka hoʻoiliʻana a me ka hoʻoiliʻana o ke keleawe a me nā zinc, nā mea nui o ke keleawe, loaʻa i kahi hopena kūlohelohe,
me ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka mana o ka ikehu a me ka hoʻopiʻiʻana mai ka mining a me ka hanaʻana. - Hopena: Hiki i nā mea hopohopo ke kū i nā manaʻo, kūikawā ma nāʻoihana me kahi e pili ana i nā hana eco-aloha a hōʻemi i nā wāwae wāwae.
ʻO ka laweʻana i keʻano uila:
- Kākau: ʻOiai ke kumu o ke keleawe, ʻAʻole ia e like me keʻano kiʻekiʻe o ke keleawe maʻemaʻe.
Hiki i kēia palena ke hoʻohana i ka hoʻohanaʻana o nā wili a iʻole nā'āpana nui e hoʻokō ai i ka hana pono. - Hopena: Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea hoʻohana, Ke kaumaha, a me ke kumukuai, kūikawā ma nā noi uila uila kiʻekiʻe.
Ka hoʻonuiʻana:
- Kākau: ʻO ke keleawe he nui a me ka nui o ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka hoʻonuiʻana, ʻO keʻano e hoʻonui ai a me nā mea hana ikaika me nā loli hoʻololi.
- Hopena: Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hikiʻana i ka dimensional i nā noi e koi ana i nā mea i koiʻia a iʻole nā mea e pili ana i ka nui o nā fluctuates.
8. Noi o ke keleawe keleawe
ʻO keʻano o ke keleawe he kūpono kūpono ia no ka nui o nā noi e pili ana i nāʻoihana likeʻole:
- Mea uila: Hoʻohanaʻia ke keleawe ma nā mea hoʻohui uila, hoʻololi, a me nā pau e pili ana i kāna hana uila maikaʻi.
- Kaʻa kaʻa: Hoʻohanaʻia ke keleawe no nā'āpana e like me nā code-radiator, KahawaiOli, Nā'Ika.
- Plumbing: ʻO ke keleawe he mea i makemakeʻia no nā mea maikaʻi, Nā Vilves, a me nā pila kūpono e pili ana i kona paleʻana i ka corrosion a me ka durability.
- Marine: Hoʻohanaʻia ke keleawe ovaval i nā'āpana moku e like me nā mea waiwai, Pumps, a me nā awāwa.
ʻO ka pākuʻu nui - ʻOihana Hoʻolālā a me loko o nā hoʻolālā hale: ʻO keʻano gula-e like me ke keleawe e kūpono ai i keʻano o nā mea hoʻonaninani, mea uila, a me nā mea hana pūnaewele.
- Nā mea kani: Hoʻohanaʻia ke keleawe e hana i nā mea kani e like me nā pū, sikiophone, a me nā trombones ma muli o kāna mau waiwai Acoustic.
- Nā mea nani a me nā mea hoʻonaninani: Hoʻohana pinepineʻia ke keleawe no ka hoʻokumuʻana i nā mea nani a me nā mea hoʻonaninani ma muli o kāna mau lustous.
9. Keleawe vs. Bronze vs. keleawe: He hoʻohālikelike
keleawe, bronze, and keleawe ʻEkolu o nā metala i hoʻohana nuiʻia ma nāʻoihana likeʻole, ʻO kēlā me kēia hāʻawi i nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā e kūpono iā lākou no nā noi kiko'ī.
| Waiwai | keleawe | Bronze | keleawe |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ka Hoʻolālā | keleawe & Zinc | keleawe & Kū | Lole keleawe |
| Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion | Loli (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ke kila) | Luna loa (ʻO nā noi Marine) | High (Pālā Patina) |
| Ikaika | Loli | High | Hoʻohaʻahaʻa |
| E kāʻei i ke kū'ē | Loli | High | Hoʻohaʻahaʻa |
| Mallepihapiha | High | Loli | High |
| Ke ola | Loli | Loli | Kūpono |
| Hoʻopiʻi nani | Gula-like | 'Ulaʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, Patina i ka wā manawa | ʻUlaʻula-ʻulaʻula, Huli'ōmaʻomaʻo |
| Noi | Plumbing, Lako uila, Kōhai | Marine, Kāhele, Nā kiʻi kiʻi | Lako uila, Plumbing, Nā mea hana wela |
| Kālā | Mea kūpono loa | ʻO ka kumukūʻai ma muli o kaʻike TIN | Kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe |
10. Hopena
Noho nā mea keleawe i kekahi o nā mea waiwai nui loa a me nā mea waiwai i nāʻoihana o kēia mauʻoihana.
ʻO kona hiki ke hoʻohui i nā hoʻopiʻi Aesthetic me nā mea hana maikaʻi loa e like me ka paleʻana o ka corrosion, markinpalibility, aʻo ka ikaika e hana ai i nā mea i loaʻa ma waena o nā noi ākea.
Ma ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i nāʻano keleawe likeʻole a me kā lākou hoʻohana, Hiki i nā mea hana ke koho i ka alloy kūpono no ko lākou pono, e hōʻoia ana i ka hana, Lōʻihi, a me kekahi.
Ināʻoe eʻimi nei i nā huahana keleawe maʻamau kiʻekiʻe, ke koho ana LangHe ʻO ka hoʻoholo kūpono loa no kāu hana hana.
