ADC12 Aluminum Alloy: Nā Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai Nui

1. Hōʻikeʻike

Aluminum ʻO ADC12ʻO kekahi o nā mea i hoʻohana nuiʻia e hoʻohana nuiʻia i nā mea make, mea uila, a me nā noi waiwai nui.

ʻO keʻano mua ma Iapana ma lalo o JIS H 5302, Ua liloʻo ADC12 i kahi hana honua honua ma muli o kāna kaulike maikaʻi, Nā Pīkuhi Propertinies, a me ke kumukuai.

Kona koho "adc" kū no ka "aluminim Hoolei Make,"ʻOiaiʻo ka suffix" 12 "e pili ana i nā mea maʻamau (aneane 10-13 wt%).

I nā makahiki he mau makahiki i hala, Ua hoʻopaʻaʻo ADC12 i kahi kūlana nui i ka hana kiʻekiʻe, no nā'āpana no nā'āpana e koi ana i nā geomet paʻakikī, nā pāʻili, a me ke kūpaʻa kūpono.

Kahiki, Ua puka mai kaʻoihana make-make i ka waena o ke kenekulia ma waena o ke kenekulia ma waena o ke kumu e pono ai ke noi no ka māmā a me nā'āpana paʻa.

E na makahiki 1970, Ua hanaʻia nā alloys ADC12 i nā nui nui ma Iapana; I kēia mau lā, nā kiko'ī like like me nāʻaoʻao ma lalo o en (E.g., A me AC-Alsi12c2) a me ka astm (E.g., Kahiki B85).

Ko lākou mau kumuwaiwai mai kahi hui pūʻana o nā kumu: ʻO ka maikaʻi loa i keʻano molten, ʻO nā kumukūʻai wikiwiki wikiwiki i nā mea kila,

a me kahi microstructure e hiki ke hoʻopaʻaʻia-ma o ka mālama wela-no nā koi kūpono.

2. Kemikela chemtical a me ke metallinggy

ʻO ka hana o ADC12 ka mea e hōʻikeʻia ana e ka huiʻana o keʻano o keʻano o keʻano a me nā loina Metallirgical a me nā loina Metallirgical e kiʻi ana i kānaʻano hōʻoia.

Nā Kūlana Kūlana maʻamau

Mua	Mumua kikowaena (wt%)	Hana phite
Silikino (A)	9.6 - 12.0	Hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, E hoʻonui i ka wai a me nā pale pale
keleawe (Cu)	1.9 - 3.0	ʻO nā mea hoʻoikaika ma Via i nā kūlana o nā makahiki
'Eron (Lia)	≤ 0.8	Kaohiʻana; ʻO nā mea nui loa i nā'āpana brittle
Mang kāne (Mn)	≤ 0.5	Hoʻololi i ka morphology flophology
Zinc (Zn)	≤ 0.25	ʻO ka hoʻoikaika kino-solid e hoʻoikaika
Magnesum (Mg)	≤ 0.06	Eʻoluʻolu, ADS AGENDING PONDENING (minima ma adc12)
Maahua (No, I, Sno, Pb, etc.)	≤ 0.15, pauAw ≤ 0.7	ʻO ka heleʻana i ka hoʻololiʻana a iʻole nā ​​palena palenaʻole
Aluminum (AL)	Koe (Koho Koho. 83.5 - 88.2)	Nā Pākuʻi Base Metal

Role o nā mea'ē aʻe

• Silikino (A): Hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka manaʻo mening (~ 580 ° C no ka eutectic al-si), hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wai, ho'ēmi i ka shrinkage, a hoʻonui i ke kū'ē.
  Kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hoʻonui ai i nā mea i kauʻia a me ka pae kiʻekiʻe i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai.
• keleawe (Cu): Hoʻonui nui loa i ka ikaika-ma hope o ka mālamaʻana i ka wela wela (T5 / t6)-BY e hoʻoikaika ana i nā hana maʻamau intmetallica (E.g., Al2_22cu ka, θ 'chiphates).
  Akā naʻe,, hiki i ka cu cu ke hōʻemi i ke kū'ēʻana i ka paleʻana o ka corrosione ināʻaʻole i hoʻokele ponoʻia.
• 'Eron (Lia): Ua manaʻo pinepineʻia he haumia; mawaho 0.8 wt%, Nā uku uku- a iʻole plate-like β-al5_55fesi insettallics, hiki i ka embrittlet ka alloy. Pēlā ka mea i mālamaʻia ma lalo nei 0.8 wt%.
• Mang kāne (Mn): Hoʻohuiʻia (≤ 0.5 wt%) E hoʻololi i ka morphology β-fesi morphology i loko o nā kikowaena nui loa, hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻiʻana a me ka hōʻemiʻana i ka huki wela.
• Zinc (Zn): I nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi (< 0.25 wt%), Hiki i Zn ke hoʻonui i ka ikaika me kaʻole o ka hoʻopiʻi nuiʻana.
• Magnesum (Mg): Ka liʻiliʻi maʻamau (< 0.06 wt%) I AdC12; Akā naʻe,, kōkua nui i nā mea e kōkua i nā cherine a hiki ke loaʻa i ka hui pū me ka cu no ka paʻakikī o ka paʻakikī.

Nā waihona kālā o Al -and -wits

Ka al-si eetectic ma 12.6 Wt% inā hāʻawi i kahi wai a puni 577 ° C a me kahi mea etectic solidus ma 577 ° C.

ʻO AdC12 he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (9.6 - 12 wt% si), hopena ma mua o nā māla nui α-al i hoʻopuniʻia e kahi lamellar maikaʻi a iʻole ka nui o ka eatectic.

I ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai i ka make, rapid holoi (10-50 ° C / s) e hoʻonui i ka microstructure, ʻO ka hoʻemiʻana i nā poosity a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā waiwai mechanical.

Ka heleʻana o ka cu i ka heihei al-si matrix e paipai i ka hoʻokumuʻana o θ (Al2_22cu ka) nā manawa kūpono i ka wā o ka wā, e hāpai ana i nā mea hōʻoia i ke kaumaha a hiki i ~ 200 MPA no nā helu T6-i mālamaʻia.

3. ʻO nā waiwai pilikino a me nā mīkini

Huakai, Malting Point, Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua

• Huakai: ~ 2.74 g / cm³ (Hoʻololi iki me ka spi / cu ass)
• Hoʻohemo melū: 540 - 580 ° C (A puni 580 ° C, solidus a puni 515 ° C)
• Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua: ~ 130 W / m · c · k (e like me-lawe)

ʻO kēia mau waiwai e hana i ka adc12 (7.8 g / cm³) ʻOiai ke hāʻawi nei i ka paʻakikī decent (Modulus Modulni ~ 70 GPA).

ʻO keʻano o ka hoʻomehana maʻalahi keʻano kūpono no ka makeʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe, E hoʻopau i nā manawa wikiwiki wikiwiki i ka wā e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i kaʻenehana.

Ikaika ikaika, Ka ikaika, Ewangantion, Hālulu

• E like me ke kūlana (T0): Hōʻike pinepineʻo ADC12 i nā ikaika ikaika ma waena 210 MPA a 260 Mpa, me elngations a puni 2-4%. ʻO ka paʻakikī paʻakikī (~ 75 HB).
• T5 kūlana (Kuhikuhi i ka wā): Ma hope o ka makeʻana, Hiki i nā māhele ke komo i ka wā kahiko (E.g., 160 ° C no 4-6 mau hola). Piʻi ka ikaika i 240 - 280 Mpa, Akā e emi iki ka hoʻopunipuni.
• T6 kūlana (ʻO ka hopena hana + ʻO ka wā kahiko): ʻO ka hopena hana (E.g., 500 ° C no 4 Nā hola hola) nā mea kīnā cu a mg-waiwai nui, ukali e ka wai o ka wai a me ka ame (E.g., 160 ° C no 8 Nā hola hola).
  Nā ikaika ikaika o 260 - 300 MPA E hāʻawi i nā ikaika o 160 - 200 Hiki ke loaʻa iā MPA, albeit me elongation e hāʻule ana i ~ 1-2%. Ua hiki aku i ka paʻakikī o Brinel 110 HB.

ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka mea hoʻokele a me ka momona

Ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka (Cte): ~ 21 × 10-° C (20-300 ° C), like me ka hapa nui al-si alloys.

Pono e hoʻolālā no nā lāʻau paʻa no ka hoʻopiʻiʻana i ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā noi i nā noi me nāʻano nui.

Ka ikaika momona

Ke hilinaʻi nei ka hana momona a Adc12 i ka mālamaʻana i ka maikaʻi (Potiwale, Nā Hoʻohui, a hoʻopauʻia) a me ke kūlana hana wela:

• E like me-hoʻolei (T0): Ma lalo o ke kāʻeiʻana (R = -1), ʻO ka palena hoʻomanawanui no ka nui o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe-still-still adc12 maʻamau 60 - 80 Mpa a 10⁷ Nā Pāʻani Pūnaewele.
  ʻO nā hale noho me ka mea liʻiliʻi a me ka hoʻololiʻiaʻo sirophology (Via SR a iʻole e hoʻohui) hiki ke hoʻokokoke 90 Mpa.
• Nā kūlana kahiko (T5 / t6): Hoʻonui ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka ikaika o ka densile akā hiki ke hōʻemi i ke ola o kaʻehaʻeha, e like me ka hoʻopiliʻana o ka briptitate.
  ʻO nā palena maʻamau i hoʻohuliʻia i nā palena momona i loko o T6 70 - 100 Mpa No nā hale kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (Nā wahi i hoʻohuiʻia, ke kohoʻana i keʻano).
• Nā mea hoʻohālikelike koʻikoʻi: Nā kihi koi, Nā Paukū Kuhi, a iʻole nā ​​loli o ka pauku o ka pauku e hoʻohanaʻia e like me nā pūnaewele hoʻomaka.
  Hoʻolālāʻo Guideliline i nā mea kīwī e hoʻopiʻi me Radai ≥ 2 mm No nā pākaukau ≤ 3 mm mānoanoa e hoʻoponopono ai i nā alaloa kūloko kūloko.

4. Hana a me ke kaʻina hana

Nā hana make

• Make-cenmse make: Nohoʻo Molten AdC12 i kahi pākeke i hoʻopili pololeiʻia i ka lumi pana.
  ʻO kahi plunger no nā mea molten molten i ka gooseneck i ka make.
  Loaʻa i nā pono ke kiʻi i nā manawa wikiwiki wikiwiki a me nā minimized minimized; Akā naʻe,, ʻO ka hui nui a Alloy (ua hoʻohālikelikeʻia i zn a mg alloys) ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa.
• ʻO ka papaʻaina maloʻo-cenm: Ua hanaʻiaʻo Molten i ke kala i loko o kahi keʻena anuanuʻokoʻa, a me kahi plunger i luna i ka make.
  Ua makemakeʻia kēiaʻano no Adc12 i ka wā kiʻekiʻe a me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe a iʻole ke kāohiʻana i ka mana o ka mollity a me nā hewa.
  ʻOiaiʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka manawa ma mua o ke keʻena wela, Hāʻawi ia i nā waiwai mecharinity maikaʻi loa a me nā mea maikaʻi loa.

ʻO ke kāʻeiʻana i nā'āpana noho haʻahaʻa

• Ka nininiʻana: ʻO ka maʻamau 600 - 650 ° C. Haʻahaʻa loa: ʻO ka pilikia o nā hewa a me nā'ūhā maloʻo; Nui loa: ka make nui o ka make a hoʻonui i ka palena o ka mīkini i keʻano o ka pososity.
• Ka wikiwiki & Ka paipai: Nā Velocities Injecties of 2-5 m / s a ​​me nā mea paʻi o 800-1600 bar (I 20-50 ms) ʻOiai e hōʻemi ana i ka turbungence.
• Ma ke aniani make: I luna o ~ 200 - 250 ° C e pale i kaʻili o kaʻili. Kāohiʻia e ka channels keʻokeʻo a iʻole ke ana i ka hoʻomehanaʻana.
• ʻO Gating a me Guting hoʻolālā: Pono e kaulike i ka lōʻihi lōʻihi (e hōʻemi i ka nalowale wela) me nā loli maʻalahi (E hōʻemi i ka turbuglence).
  ʻO nā gates maikaʻi-hoʻolālā e hōʻemi i ka ea i hoʻopiliʻia a hana i nā kīʻaha kīwī uniform, Pēlā e kau ana i ka poosity a me ke anuanu.

Nā hewa maʻamau a me nā momi

• Potiwale (Aila & Shrinkage):

• • ʻO ka pololi: Hoʻokomoʻia ka ea a iʻole hydrogen i nā crivities liʻiliʻi.
    Miomi: Ua kōkuaʻiaʻo Vacuum-kōkua i ka laweʻana, ʻO keʻano o ka ult me ​​ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka argon a iʻole nitrogen, ʻO ka hana kūpono i ka make.
  • ʻO ka pololi: E hele ana ināʻaʻole lawa nā ala e hānai ai i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai. Miomi: ʻO ka hōʻike a Riser / Gate e waiho ai a iʻole nā ​​wahi ākea.

• Nā'ōpū anuanu & Poino:

• • Ma muli o ka hoʻoponopono muaʻana a iʻole ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Miomi: E hoʻonui iki i ka mahana, ke alanui kahawai, E hoʻohui i ka "Faider" Sprues e mālama i ka mahana.

• 'Āʻia wela:

• • Nā mea i loaʻa ma muli o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi i ka wā hoʻoponopono.
    Kinohi: hoʻololi hoʻohui hoʻohui (ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a iʻole mn), E hoʻohālikelike i ka mahana make, Hoʻemi i nāʻanoʻokoʻa o ka pauku.

5. ʻO ka hana wela a me nā microstructure

E like me kā Microstructure

• Mua α-al sriins: Hana mua ma luna o ka holoiʻana ma lalo o ~ 600 ° C, ʻO ka hana maʻamau i keʻano inā he lohi ke kumukūʻai.
  I ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e make ai (ʻO nā kumukūʻai kaulike ~ 10-50 ° C / s), maikaʻi maikaʻiʻo α-al dendrites a kūpono hoʻi.
• Piliʻo Eetectic Si: I hoʻohuiʻia i kahi pūnaewele interconneted maikaʻi loa o nā'āpana silicon a me α-al. ʻO ka wikiwiki wikiwiki e hana i kahi ahi a iʻole skental si morphology, e hoʻomaikaʻi i nāʻano.
• Nā'mala waena:

• • AL2_22Cu (θ phase): ʻO nā kumulāʻau a iʻole θʻish i nā puka a puni nā wahi waiwai, corsese ma keʻano.
  • Fe-s si intermentals: Β-al5_55Fesi (pono-like) a me α-al8_88fe2_22si (Palapala Kina) Ke hilinaʻi nei i ka ratio fe / mn. ʻO ka mea hope loa ka liʻiliʻi.
  • Mg2_22A: Minimal in adc12 ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

Hopena wela wela, Queech, A a me ka wā kamaliʻi

• ʻO ka hopena hana: Wela i ~ 500 ° C no 3-6 mau hola e hoʻopau i ka cu a me mg-i loaʻa i nā hana i loaʻa i loko o ka α-al matrix. Kani: Hiki i ka hoʻolaha lōʻihi ke hiki i nā'āpana shai.
• Queech: ʻO ka wai wai wikiwiki wikiwiki e ~ 20 - 25 ° C WET CORPS RUTOMATE ATOMS ma SupersAturated Solud Round.
• ʻEhā (ʻO ka wā kahiko): Hana maʻamau ma 150 - 180 ° C no 4-8 mau hola. I ka wā o ka wā, Cu atoms imps e like me ka maikaʻi θ '' a θ ', Ke hoʻonui nei i ka ikaika (Hedget-paʻakikī).
  Over -ging (ʻO ka manawa nui / mahana) e alakaʻi i nā mea i kālaiʻia a hōʻemi i ka ikaika.

Ka hopena o ka wela wela i nā waiwai

• T0 (E like me-lawe): Hāʻawiʻo FABrous S Sibous (2-4% elongation). Kūmole ikaika ~ 220 Mpa.
• T5 (Kuhikuhi i ka wā): Me kaʻole o ka hoʻomehanaʻana, me ka 150 ° C no 6 Hoʻonui mau hola i ka tonsile i ~ 250 Mpa, Akāʻo Anisotroopy ma muli o nā kuhikuhi e hiki ai ke noho.
• T6 (Hopena + ʻEhā): ʻO ka weheʻana i ka'āpana cu i ka hopena e alakaʻi ai i ka hopena o ka homogeneous i ka nukgeneous o θ '' 'i ka wā.
  Hoʻokō i nā ikaika densile i ~ 300 Mpa. Hiki i ka elongation e hāʻule i ~ 1-2%, Ke hana nei i nā'āpana hou aku.

6. ʻO ka paleʻana o ka corrosion a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Pūnaewele kūleʻa

ADC12, E like me ka hapa nui al-si-cu alloys, Hōʻike i keʻano o ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i ka corrosition corrosion i loko o ka atmospheric a me nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā wahi maʻamau.

Hiki i ke keleawe keleawe e hana i nā kāneʻo Micuna-Galvanic me α-al, ka hanaʻana i ka alloy e pili ana i ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka lehulehu (E.g., ʻO nā wahi kai moana).

I ka wai ph, Hoʻokomoʻiaʻo ADC12 ma muli o keʻano o keʻano no ka hoʻokumuʻana o kahi pale, A mahalo Alona AIA -O₃ Skohana.

Akā naʻe,, E hoʻokiʻekiʻeʻo Cu (> 2 wt%) e hoʻohuli i ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i nā hopena chloride.

Nā hana maʻamau

• Anodizing:

• • Chromic acid anidizing (Pākuʻi I): Hana i ka lahilahi (~ 0.5 - 1 }m) kamaʻilioʻana, Hoʻololiʻo Minumal Dimensional, akā ua kaupalenaʻia ke kauʻana.
  • Sulfuric acid anidizing (Type II): E hoʻonui i ka oxikie (~ 5-25 μm), ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ka corrosion a me nā pale pale. Pono ka Sinal-seal e hōʻemi i ka pososity.

• Chromite hoʻololi hoʻololi (Ccc): ʻO nā lole lole maʻamau cr₃o₈ (~ 0.5 - 1 }m) pili ma o ka immersion. Hāʻawi i ka palekana o ka corrosion maikaʻi a me ka hoʻopili lima.
• ʻO ka pauka / Kāleka: Hāʻawi i ka paleʻana o ka countrosonition corrosion inā hoʻopiʻi ponoʻia (E.g., ʻokoʻa iki, papa mua). He kūpono no nā'āpana i hōʻikeʻia i waho o waho a iʻole nāʻoihanaʻoihana.
• ʻO nā mea uila uila uila (Enp): ʻO Rare akā ua hoʻohanaʻia no nā noi kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe paha;
  hana i kahi papa lole niforom niforom (~ 5-10 μm) e hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī a me ke kū'ēʻana.

Hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike

• ADC12 (Cu ~ 2 wt%) vsa. A356 (Cu ~ 0.2 wt%): ʻO A356 ka mea nui loa o A356;
  Ponoʻo ADC12 i ka paleʻoi aku ka palekana o ka pale no ka marine a iʻole nā ​​kūlana kūpono.
• Ua hoʻohālikelikeʻia i nā alloys e pili ana i nā alloys (E.g., AZ91): ʻO ADC12ʻO ka paleʻana o ka corrosion corrosion a me ka dimensional kūpaʻa, Ke hoʻoikaika neiʻo ia i kahi e koʻikoʻi ai ke ola holoʻokoʻa.

7. Hoʻohālikelike me nā alloys aluminum'ē aʻe

A adc12 vs. A380 (Hui mākou)

• Ka Hoʻolālā: A380 NINALLY DESS 8-12 wt% si, 3-4 wt% me, ~ 0.8 wt% (< 1.5 wt%) Lia, me zn a trace mg.
  ʻO ADC12's CUNG ka moʻolelo (1.9-3 wt%), ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o A380.
• Nā Pīkuhi Propertinies: A380 t0: ~ 200 MPA TENNERILE, ~ 110 HB; ADC12 T0: ~ 220 MPA TENNERILE, ~ 80 HB.
  I T6 kūlana, hiki i nā meaʻelua ke kiʻi ~ 300 MPA TENNERILE, akā ua hōʻike pinepineʻiaʻo ADC12 i ka nui o ka elongation ma muli o ke kūponoʻana i ka morphology.
• Noi: A380 e hele ana i kaʻAmelikaʻAmelika; ADC12 ma Asia. E lawelaweʻo lāua i nā mākeke likeʻole (Nā Hale Hale Kūʻaiʻo Wanomokie, nā mea hoʻohana uila uila).

A adc12 vs. A356 (Ua hoʻoleiʻo Gravity, ʻAʻole make)

• Ke kaʻina hanaʻana: Hoʻohana muaʻiaʻo A356 no ka gravity a iʻole ke kauʻana, ʻaʻole ʻO keʻano nui o ke koʻikoʻi.
• Ka Hoʻolālā: Loaʻa iā A356 ~ 7 wt% si, ~ 0.25 wt% me, ~ 0.25 wt% mg; ADC12's si (~ 10-12 wt%) ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe, a me (~ 2 wt%) ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe.
• Nā Pīkuhi Propertinies: A356 T6: tensile ~ 270 Mpa, ewangation ~ 10%. Adoc12 t6: tensile ~ 290 Mpa, elongation ~ 1-2%.
  ʻO A356ʻoi aku ka nui o A356 akāʻoi aku ka kūpono no ka paleʻana, ʻO nāʻano paʻakikī.

Nā Kūlana koho

• 'Ōnē, ʻO nāʻano paʻakikī & Nui haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa: ADC12 (a i ole a380) e ka nui o ke kaumaha e make ana.
• Nā Koho Nui, Maikaʻi maikaʻi & Wawahua: A356 Via o Sand a iʻole mau molū mau loa.
• Ke kū'ē nei ke kū'ē kiʻekiʻe & Kuhiwaena haolelespace: ʻO nā mea kiʻekiʻe a Al-MI-MG Alloys (E.g., A390).

8. Nā noi o ADC12

Ka Hoʻolālā Wīwī

• Na'Āpana Engine: Picsons (I kekahi mau mīkini haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa), ʻO ka leʻaleʻa carburetor, nā lei aliʻi.
  ʻOiai he nui nā OEMS i hoʻololiʻia i A380 a iʻole A390 no nā'āpana kiʻekiʻe, ʻO ADC12 mau kālā maʻamau no nā leʻaleʻa a me nā brackets.
• Nā hale paʻi kiʻi: ʻO ka geometry paʻakikī e pono i nā paiaʻili (1.5-3 mm); ʻO ADC12ʻO ka maikaʻi loa a adc12.
• Nā mea hoʻopiʻi suspension & Nā brackets: Ka ikaika ikaika-i-paona, dimensional pololei, E hoʻopau i ka papa hana i ka ADC12 Kūpono no ka laweʻana i nā pale ukana (E.g., Nā Mokuna Pūnaewele).

Nā uila a me nā mea e hoʻopuni ana

• Sinks wela: ADC12 ka hana a ADCHM (~ 130 W / m · c · k) a hiki ke hana i nā fins invricate (ma o ka make make) E hōʻoia i ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i ka wela wela no nā electronics mana, Kāneku, a me nā lako kelepona.
• Nā Kākoʻo & Nā Kali Hou: ʻO nā geometries interx, nā pāʻili, a ua huiʻia nā koi o EMI me ka adc12's Allot Chemistry a me nā mea make.

Nā mīkini mīkini

• Pump & ʻO nā hale kūʻai kūʻai: Corrosions-resistant (I ka wā i hoʻopaʻaʻia ai) a paʻa paʻa, Hoʻohanaʻiaʻo ADC12 i nā pumps no ka mālama wai, nā mea hoʻohālikelike, a me nā mea hana pneuutic.
• Nā'āpana kūpono: Nā poʻo Cylinder, urowing, a me nā crankses no nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i loaʻa i nā mea e pono ai i ka hana wela a adc12 a me ka ikaika.

Nā huahana kūʻai aku a me nā lako hana

• Hale Hōʻike Kūlana Home: ʻO nā holoi holoi kelepona, Kākoʻoʻo Bryer Drum, a me nā hale holoi holoi hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
  ʻO ka dimensional ka hana a me ka hoʻopauʻana i ka hoʻopauʻana i ka hōʻemiʻana i ka post-form.
• Nā lako hāmeʻa: ʻO nā FICCYCLE FUMES a iʻole nā'āpana kaʻa kaʻa i kahi e pono ai nā'āpana a me nā papa he nui.
  Die-had-has adc12 Hāʻawi i ka hana wikiwiki wikiwiki a hoʻohui pūʻia i nā hiʻohiʻona.

9. Loaʻa a me nā palena

Loaʻa

• ʻO ka Castability maikaʻi loa: ʻO nā mea kiʻekiʻe loaʻo sita i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hoʻonui i ka wai, e hoʻopau i ka paia (a lalo i 1 mm) nā hiʻohiʻona me nā hemahema liʻiliʻi.
• Kū ponoʻole: Haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka wikiwiki wikiwiki e hana i nā microstructure maikaʻi loa, hoʻolako i nā mea paʻa paʻa (± 0.2 mm aʻoi aku paha i nā hihia he nui).
• Kumukūʻai-kūpono: ʻO ka makeʻana o ka Died-Casting i nā hana kiʻekiʻe-Volume High-Volume ma ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka loaʻaʻana o ka ADC12.
• Nā meaʻala waiwai: Post-singing wela wela (T5 / t6) hiki i nā mea waiwai mai ka ikaika o ka ikaika a me ka ikaika i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i ~ 300 MPA TENNERILE).

PAHUI

• Haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa: As-dred adc12 ellongation (2-4%) he haʻahaʻa loa ma mua o ka gravity-wort al-si-mg alloys (~ 8-12%).
  ʻO T6 hōʻemi i ka elongation hou aʻe i ~ 1-2%. ʻAʻole kūpono no nā'āpana e koi ana i ka post formability kiʻekiʻe.
• Corrosione corrosion: ʻO kaʻikepili e hoʻonuiʻia e hoʻonui iā AdC12 e hoʻopili i nā wahi chloride me ka palekana o ka pale.
• Nā palena palena kūlike: Mālama i nā kumuwaiwai Mechanical wale nō a hiki i ~ 150-160 ° C; Ma luna o kēia, ʻO ka ikaika e hāʻule i ka hau ma muli o ka nui o ka wā e pau ana a me ka nalowale o nā hewa.
• Mea kūwaha brittle: ʻO ka mālama ponoʻole o ka fo a iʻole nele o ka mn hiki ke alakaʻi iā brittle β-al5_55Fesi nā pono, ka hopena maikaʻiʻole.

10. Nā kūlana kūpono a me ka ho'āʻoʻana

Nā Kūlana International

• Jis H 5302 (Iapana): E wehewehe i nā hui hoʻohui ADC12, nā pono waiwai waiwai, a me nā hōʻike hoʻokolohua no nā huahana make-kiʻekiʻe.
• I 1706 / A me AC-Alsi12c2 (Europa): E wehewehe i nā palena palena likeʻole a me nā mea waiwai, e koi ana i ka ikaika o ka densile, ewangantion, a me nā hōʻike paʻakikī.
• Kahiki B85 (USA): Codsings a kau i nā al-s-si-cu alloys; No ka Die-Cast Adc12, e pili ana i ka astm b108 a iʻole nā ​​mea kiko'ī e pili ana i nā OEM.

Nā Kūlana Kūʻai maʻamau

• Teence Manaʻo: Nā Mīkini Kūʻai Kūʻai Kūʻai i nā hale kūʻai; loiloi i ka ikaika o ka ikaika (Us), ka ikaika (0.2% Kahiki), a me ka nui (pakeneka).
• Hālulu (Brinell or rockwell): ʻO keʻano hanaʻole i ka hana i nāʻano likeʻole; ʻO ADC12 mau paʻakikī paʻakikī e nā 70-110 HB ma muli o ke kūlana.
• Hoʻolālā Metal: Mākaukau hoʻomākaukau (kai hua, Kāleka, etching me ka reagent o ka keller) Hōʻike i keʻano grain, mootectic sildoric molohi, Nā'mala waena, Potiwale.
• X-ray / Ct scanning: ʻIke i nā hemahema kūloko (Potiwale, nā'ōpū anuanu) Me ka'āpanaʻole; koʻikoʻi no nāʻano kiʻekiʻe-real (Nā'āpana palekana o Automotive).
• ʻO ka loiloi Chemical: ʻO nāʻenehana e like me nā mea kūpono kūpono (Poina) a iʻole x-ray fliorescence (Xrf) E hōʻoia i ka hoʻokōʻana me nā kūlana kūpono.

Tolerance a me ka nānāʻana

• Nā mea hana dimensional: No nā hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi, ± 0.1 mm i ± 0.2 Loaʻa iā MM no nā pā < 3 mm; Hiki i nā'āpana nui ke paʻa i ± 0.5 mm aʻoi aku paha.
• Hoʻopau ʻili: E like me-hele adc12 hiki ke hoʻokō i ka ra ~ 1.6 }m; Me nā kaʻina hanaʻelua (ʻO ka honu vapor, ʻO ka hoʻopauʻana), Ra ~ 0.8 μM a maikaʻi paha.

11. ʻO ka noʻonoʻoʻana a me nā manaʻo noʻonoʻo

Recyclabiality

• Recylability High: Ua hōʻoleʻo Aluminim i ka hoʻowahāwahāʻana me kaʻole o ka hōʻinoʻana i nā waiwai i loko.
  ADC12 strap (lipiia, Nā meaʻelele, hōʻole) hiki ke hoʻomanaʻoʻia me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma lalo inā he pololei ponoʻia.
• Kahuawaena Alluminum: Ke hoʻohana nei i ka alumini recycled e hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka ikaika o ka ikehu 92% hoʻohālikelikeʻia i ka hana wahine.
  Akā naʻe,, Ke kāohi nei i ka fo a me nā papa cu i ka lua o ka lua o nā mery i keʻano he nui e mālama i nā kiko'ī adc12.

Ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka nui a me nā emissions

• Die-Casting vs. Machimen: Make-tästing (Pūnaewele Pūnaewele) hoʻemiʻia ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka mīkini machining. Ua hoʻohālikelikeʻia i ka Machile, Hoʻohanaʻo Die-Casting USes 30-50% hōʻemi i ka ikaika o kēlā me kēia'āpana.
• Wāwae wāwae male Carbbintrin: I ka wā i kūʻaiʻia mai ka recycled redstock, Hiki i ka wāwae wāwae o ka carbon o nā adc12 mau mea e like me ka haʻahaʻa e like me 2-3 kg co₂-eq i kēlā me ke kg o ka'āpana.
  He ʻokoʻa, Hiki i ke ala muaʻo Amuminim 15 kg Co₂-eq o ke kg.

ʻO ka loiloi ola-cycle (Lca)

• Cradle-to-gate: Die-Cat ADC12 PERDOLIE O KA LOHE ANA I KE KOLOHE.
  Hoʻokomoʻia nā hana ola i nā hana o ka hana (mining, E hōʻoluʻolu), make-tästing, machining, mālamaʻona, Hoʻohana, a me ka pau-o-ola-ola.
• Pau-o-ola: Luna 90% ʻO nā'āpana make alumila e hoʻopauʻia a hana houʻia i loko o nā kahawai alumini lua, ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka'āina a me ka hōʻemiʻana i ka hoʻolālā waiwai holoʻokoʻa.

12. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hope a me nā hoʻolālā

Nā hoʻololi alloy

• Hoʻemiʻia nā mea kūʻai keleawe: E hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kū'ēʻana, ʻO Adc12 New Drivatives haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o Cu i ka ~ 1 wt%, e koi ana me ka trace mg a mn.
  ʻO kēia mau mōhai hōʻemi i hōʻemiʻia i nā ikaika ikaika a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka lōʻihi i nā kūlana kūlike.
• Nano-scart additives: Nā Add-Honua (E.g., ~ 0.1 wt% la a ce paha) E hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka Eetectic SI SI a me ka hāʻawiʻana iā β-faile, Hoʻonuiʻana i nā pilikia a me ka paʻakikī me kaʻole o ke kumukūʻai nui.

ʻO nā hana kūʻai akuʻana

• ʻO ka metala semi-solid (Sss) Hoolei Make: Ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā slirry jamixotropic (30-40%'āpana wai) E hōʻemi i ka pososity a me ka shrink, ka hanaʻana i nā'āpana me nā waiwai pili kokoke.
  ADC12 E hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi i SSM, Hāʻawi i kahi hana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā micsstructures.
• Pākuʻi-Matrix Composites (MMCS): Hoʻohui i nā kiko'ī cemic (Sic, Al₂o₃) i loko o ADC12 Matrix no nā mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia i nā mea i hoʻopaʻaʻoleʻia a iʻole nā'āpana'āpana.
  ʻOiai ke hoʻohiki nei, E hoʻomau mau ana nā paʻakikī, Ka Hoʻohanohano, a me ke kumu kūʻai.

ʻOihana Kahuna 4.0 a me ka hana akamai

• Ke nānā nei i ka hana maoli: Nā Mokuna Died-Candings Singses (Ka paipai, keka ao, Holo) hānai i nā algorithms ai / ml algorithms e wānana i ka pososity, ʻO nā hoʻolālā hoʻolālā, a ho'ēmi i nā kumukūʻai scrap.
  Loaʻa nā kaʻina hana Adc12 ma muli o nā mea i paʻa a me nā helu kiʻekiʻe.
• Simulation a me nā māhoe digital: Hoʻopiha piha, Kūpuia, a me ka wela wela e hoʻohālikelikeʻia ma o cfd a me ka polokalamu uila-hoʻololi.
  Ua hiki i nā māhoe digital e hiki ai i "he aha nā hiʻohiʻona, hoʻemi i ka ho'āʻo-a-hewa a me ka hana machining scrap.

13. Hopena

E kū anaʻo ADC12 ma keʻano he corsesttone o keʻano o ke kumu kūʻai nui, ka hoʻohuiʻana i ka maikaʻi loa, kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, a hiki i ka hiki ke hoʻokō i nā waiwai kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma o nā hana wela i kohoʻia.

Ua hoʻonuiʻo ia i kāna mau kaʻaahi mai kaʻenehana kaʻa a me nā mea i hoʻounaʻia i nā mea uila e pili ana i nā wela wela.

ʻOiai e hiki i kāna mau mea kūʻai keleawe kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kū'ē kū'ē, hana nā hana o nā hana a me nā mea hou aku i nā hana i hoʻonuiʻia i kēia mau manaʻo.

ʻO ka hoʻomohalaʻana i nā mea hoʻomohala-e like me nā mea hoʻohālike, semi-solid casting, a me ka hana maoli-manawa i hoʻohikiʻia e hoʻonui hou i ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka ADC12.

Nā mea hoʻolālā a me nā mea hana e koho ana i nā mea hana adc12 mai nā makahiki he nui o kaʻikeʻana i kaʻoihana, ʻO nā kaulahao kūpono, a hoʻonohonoho i nā kūlana kūpono (ʻo ia, I, Hosm).

Me ka manaʻo o ka honua honua, ʻO ka recyclability alumini a me nā hana hana ikaika-ikaika-e pono ai e hōʻoia i ka hana e hōʻoia aiʻo ADC12 i konaʻano koʻikoʻi, ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kiʻekiʻeʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

A LangHe, Kū mākou i ka hui pū meʻoe i ka hoʻokuʻuʻana i kēia mau loea holomua e hoʻomaikaʻi i kāu mau hoʻolālā hoʻonohonoho, Koho Koho, Apia hanaa.

Ke hōʻoia nei eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāu papahana eʻoi aku i kēlā me kēia hana a me nā mea hoʻokele.

Kāhea iā mākou i kēia lā!

 

FaqS

Hiki i ka ADC12 a iʻole i hanaʻia?

Hiki ke mālamaʻiaʻo ADC12, Akā ma muli o kona mau kiʻi kiʻi kiʻekiʻe, Hiki ke kaupalenaʻia nā hopena Avoding (E.g., bitker a iʻole ka hoʻopauʻana).

ʻO ka paleʻana, Kāleka, E-cean, a me ka papahele makemake pinepineʻia no ka paleʻana o ka corrosion a me nā aesthetics.

He adc12 kūpono kūpono no CNC makaʻi ma hope o ka hoʻoleiʻana?

ʻAe. ADC12 Palapala maikai, a he maʻamau maʻamau iā cnc-pcc-prosine e hoʻokō i nā mea kīwī a iʻole nā ​​geomex paʻakikī a iʻole nā ​​geomex.

Akā naʻe,, Pono e nānā ponoʻia nā mea hana ma muli o ke alo o nā'āpana silini paʻakikī.

Hiki ke wela i ka adc12?

ʻAe. ʻOiaiʻo ADC12 ka hoʻohana pinepineʻia i loko o ka E like me ke kūlana, Hiki iā ia ke hana T5 a t6 wela wela e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona ikaika thislele, ka ikaika, a me paakiki.

Akā naʻe,, e hiki ke hoʻopauʻia ka elongation i kaupalenaʻia e hoʻohālikelikeʻia i nā mea hana hana i hanaʻia.

He adc12 kūpono no nā wahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe?

Hiki i ka ADC12 ke kau i nā mahana ma kahi kokoke 150-170 ° C, akā, hiki i ka hoʻolahaʻana i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hōʻemi i ka ikaika o ka mīkini.

No ka ʻO keʻano nui a iʻole ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana noi, Makemake e like me A360 a iʻole alsi10mg e hana maikaʻi.

He aha ka mea i hoʻohana pinepineʻiaʻo ADC12 alum?

Hoʻohana nuiʻiaʻo ADC12 i loko Nā noi hānai manuʻai Ma muli o kānaʻano maikaʻi loa, whola, a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe.

Nā mea hoʻohana maʻamau nā'āpana automothetive (Nā kikowaena mīkini, nā hale paʻi kiʻi), nā pā uila uila, nā'āpana loea, and Kālā Hoʻonaʻi pono ia e komo i nāʻano likeʻole a me ka hana kiʻekiʻe.