1.4435 ʻO ke kilakaha Stoel - Ultensite alakaʻi

1. Hōʻikeʻike

1.4435 kila kohu ʻole (He ahaaina: X2crnimo18-14-3) he papa uku ʻO kahi kila kila Austetetitic kaulana no kona kū kū'ē kū'ē, maikaʻi loa, a hilinaʻi i ka hana i nā wahi e hoʻohālikelike ai.

Me he mybdelum- a me nā inoa inoaʻo Nickel-enridhed o ka laulā ākea i hoʻohanaʻia 316l (1.4404), 1.4435 e hōʻikeʻia e hāʻawi i ka pale i hoʻonuiʻia e kū'ē i ka hoʻopiliʻana, Kāleʻa Crenice Corrosioni, a me ka hoʻouka kauaʻana, i nā noi e pili ana i nā chrides a me nā media acdid.

ʻO kēia kila kila ma ke kula kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe i nā mea lapaʻau e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻO Biotechnology Piotechnology, ʻO ka ho'ōlaʻana i ka meaʻai, a me nā hana hoʻohālike.

Kona mau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me keʻano o ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka alloy i kahi kaulike kūpono ma waena o keʻano mechanical intergrity a me ke kū'ēʻana, ka hanaʻana no ka mea e pono ai no nā'ōnaehana e koi ana i ka hoʻokōʻana me keʻano hygiene, palekana, a me nā kūlana maʻemaʻe.

E like me ka noiʻana no nā mea hoʻokūkū kiʻekiʻe e ulu ana, ʻoi aku ma nā'āpana e koi ana i ka traceability a me ka ultra-haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, 1.4435 ua loaʻa iā ia ka prosinence.

Hāʻawi kēiaʻatikala i kahi kiko'ī, hōʻikeʻike lehulehu o 1.4435 ʻO nā mea kila - mai kāna hoʻolālā metallirgical a me nā waiwai pilikino i kānaʻano lole, ka mea pono, a me nā hana hoʻonāukiuki.

2. ʻO ka hoʻomohala honua a me nā kūlana waiwai

Evolution o nā mea kanu lāʻau austentitic

Ka neʻeʻana mai ka neʻeʻana mai nā mea kanu austenitic 1.4301 (304) and 1.4401 (316) e holomua i nāʻano likeʻole e like me 1.4435 e hōʻike ana i ka pane o kaʻoihana e hoʻonui i nā koi o ka hana ma nā wahi kūlohelohe a iʻole nā ​​mea hana maʻemaʻe.

ʻOiai 3160 i hōʻemi i kaʻike carbon e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi a me ke kū'ēʻana i ka corrosiot intergranur,

1.4435 lawe hou i kēia ma kahi hana hou me nā nickel kiʻekiʻe (≥13.5%) ʻo Mybdelum (2.5-3.0%) nā mea pono i nā mea i hoʻomaikaʻiʻia e pili ana i ke kū'ēʻana a me ka hana paʻa.

Nā Kūlana kūpono a me nā hōʻoia

1.4435 Hoʻokomoʻiaʻo Stiinless Steel ma lalo:

• I 10088-1/2/3 - nāʻano hana a me nā huahana huahana
• Apono a240 / A276 / A479 - nā kūlana kūlike no nā papa, Nā BaRS, a me nā'āpana
• Nersoukou M-650 / ISO 15156 -ʻaeʻia no nāʻoihana a me nāʻoihanaʻoihana

ʻO ka mea nui loaʻo ia konaʻano ma lalo o ka I 2000-w2 ʻO nā koina a me nā koi lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ʻO kāu hoʻokahi 10272, hōʻoia i nāʻike ferrite ultra-haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (≤0.5%) a me ke kūʻana o ka'ōpū.

Nā hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonohoʻana a me ka helu

• He helu: 1.4435
• Kahi hōʻailona: X2crnimo18-14-3
• Un: S3603 (me nā nickel)
• Din / nā mea hoʻohālikelike me 1.4404 a me 316l
• Nā pūʻulu pūʻulu: ʻO nā mea kanu lāʻau austetitic

3. Kalepa me nā micsopy a me nā micsostructure

Ka hana kūʻokoʻa o 1.4435 kila kohu ʻole (He ahaaina: X2crnimo18-14-3) ua hui pūʻia ma kāna huiʻana me ka huiʻana o ka comedition cemposition a me nā hoʻolālā microptructural.

Ke wehe nei ka Alylorages i kahi kaulike kūpono o nā mea e hoʻonui ai i ke kū'ē kū'ē, paʻakikī, a me ka wellingbility, Ke kūpono nei ia i nā noi no nā piliona i nā wahi likeʻole.

ʻO ka papaʻaina o ka huiʻana o keʻano

Mua	ʻO ka mahele o ka pakeneka pakeneka	Hana kūpono
Chromium (Cr)	17-19%	Hoʻokumu i kahi'āpana pale pale; Hoʻopili i ke kū'ēʻana a me ke kū'ēʻana.
Nickel (I)	13.5-15%	Stabilizes austetitic style; hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī a me ka hana noʻonoʻo.
Mybrideum (Mo)	2.5-3.0%	Hoʻonui i ke kū'ē i ka pitting a me nā crevice corrosion.
KālekaʻAʻI (C)	≤0.03%	Ho'ēmi i nā mea mālama pono; Mālama i kaʻike i ka wā o ka uēʻana.
Mang kāne (Mn)	1.0-2.0% (kokoke.)	Hana e like me ka deoxidizer; hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hale kūʻai a me ka ikaika.
Silikino (A)	≤1.0%	E hoʻonui i ka carbility; lawelawe e like me ka deoxidizer.
Nitrogen (N)	0.10-0.20%	Hoʻoikaika i ka phase austetitic a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kū'ēʻana.
Titanium (No)	Nā helu kālā (≥5 × c ike)	Stabilizes i ka alloy ma ka hanaʻana i ka tic, Ke hōʻemi nei i ka hana chromium chromium.

Nā hiʻohiʻona microstrucher

ʻO ka Microstoructure o 1.4435 Hoʻolālāʻiaʻo Stiinless e hoʻohālikelike i kāna hana ma nā wahiʻelua a me keʻano kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokomoʻia nā hiʻohiʻona microstructural:

• Austetetic matrix:
  Ka papa mua o 1.4435 he antrixtic austetitic me kahi cubic cubic (Fcc) ʻO ka hoʻolālā crystal. Hoʻokomoʻia kēiaʻano hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi loa a paʻakikī.
  Ke noho mau nei ka Microtentic Microstructure i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (E.g., -196° C), ʻO ka hōʻoiaʻana i ka nui o Elongeation (maki >40%) a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa.
• Palapala Pūnaewele:
  Ka mana kūpono o Δ-ferrite (mālamaʻia ma lalo 5%) he koʻikoʻi e pale i ka hoʻokumuʻana o nā phles brittle.
  Hiki i nā mea nui Δ-ferrite i ka alloy ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻokumuʻana o ka mahana o ka mahana ma waena o 600-900 ° C, e hōʻemi i ka duxtity a paʻakikī.
  ʻO ka paleʻana o ka hoʻokumuʻana o σ-phase form, i nā noi i nā noi e koi ana i ka hana kiʻekiʻe.
• Nā hopena wela wela:
  ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana o ka hoʻonāʻana a me ka mālamaʻana i ka hoʻokūkū e pāʻani ana i kahi hana pivotal i kahi hana pivotal i ka hōʻoluʻoluʻana i ka hana palaoa.
  Rapid queching ma hope o ka hoʻonāʻana o ka hoʻonāʻana o ka mea e pale ai i keʻano, Ke mālama nei i ka hoʻolālā Austetitic i makemakeʻia a e hōʻoia ana i nā waiwai mechanim.
  ʻO kēia hoʻonuiʻia e hoʻonuiʻia i ka wela i ka wela a me ka paʻakikī a me ka paʻakikī akā ua hōʻemi pū kekahi i nā kaumaha a me nā hemahema e like me ka poossity.
• Kahua'āina maʻamau:
  I nā hoʻohālikelike pololei, 1.4435 ua hanaʻiaʻo ia i ka astm 316ti aʻaʻole hoʻi s31635, ʻO Underscoring kāna pono i nā'ōlelo o ka stabilization.
  Hāʻawi kēia 1.4435 ʻO kahi kū'ē koʻikoʻi i ka nānāʻana a me ka corrosiot a me ka intergranur, Ke hoʻoikaika nui nei i nāʻano paʻakikī.

ʻO ka helu helu helu a me ka helu papa

1.4435 ʻO ke kila hakakā e hōʻike ana i kahi holomua nui ma luna o kona mau mea nui, Mahalo i nā hoʻololiʻana i nā hoʻololiʻana i nā hana a me kahi koina ma ke kūpaʻaʻana i nā kūlana harsh.

• Hoʻolālā Kūʻai:
  ʻO ka hoʻopiliʻana o ka Titanium he koʻikoʻi. Ma ka hōʻoiaʻana i ke kau inoa / c Ratio o ≥5, Mālama maikaʻi ka alloy i ka hoʻokumuʻana i keʻano o ka chromium chromium i ka wā o ka wā e wehe ai a me ke kiʻekiʻe.
  ʻO kēiaʻano hoʻokūkū e hoʻokaʻawale 1.4435 mai nā helu e hilinaʻi nui ana i kaʻikeʻana i ka uila i lalo o ka ceromer.
• Evolution mai nā helu hoʻoilina:
  Hoʻohālikelikeʻia i nā helu mua 1.4401 (316L), 1.4435 hoʻohana i nā micrital minitanaying ma mua o ka hoʻolālāʻana o ka carbon ultra-haʻahaʻa.
  ʻO kēia mau hopena e hiki mai ana i ke kū'ēʻana i ke kū'ēʻana i ka corrosiot intergranur,
  nui loa i nā hana i hanaʻia, hana 1.4435 ʻO ka waiwai o ke koho i nā noi e pili ana i ke kūʻana o ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia.

4. ʻO nā waiwai pilikino a me nā mīkini

1.4435 kila kohu ʻole, i kohoʻia me x2crnimo18-14-3, hāʻawi i kahi hui kūpono o keʻano o ka ikaika mechanical, kūlohelohe, a me ke kū'ēʻana.

ʻO kēia mau waiwai e hana ai i kahi koho maikaʻi loa no nā noi aʻoi aku ma mua o ka kemika, Ka Makani, ʻO ka ho'ōlaʻana i ka meaʻai, a me nā meaʻala.

ʻO ka hana a ka mea waiwai nui ka hopena o kāna microstruc microstic, molybdelum Enchidem, a hoʻomālamalama i nā carbon a me nā mea maʻi nitrogen.

Nā Pīkuhi Propertinies

Waiwai	Waiwai maʻamau (Kahi kūlana)	'Lelo Kūlana
Ikaika ikaika (Rm)	≥ 520 Mpa	I 10088 / Apono a240
Ka ikaika (RP0.2)	≥ 220 Mpa	I 10088 / Apono a240
Elongation ma ka wā hoʻomaha (A5)	≥ 40%	I iso 6892-1
Hālulu (Mau Kanaka Waiwai)	≤ 215 HB	I iso 6506
Hopena paʻakikī (Lika v-n't @ -196 ° C)	> 100 J	ʻO kāu hoʻokahi 10045-1

Nā Pūnaewele Pūnaewele

Waiwai	Waiwai maʻamau	Nā memo
Huakai	7.98 g / cm³	ʻO kaʻaihue Austetetitic Austetitic
Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua	~ 15 w / m · k · K (I 20 ° C)	Haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā kākela carbon
ʻO ka mana wela	500 J / KIG · K	E hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā cycling thermal
Ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka	~ 16.5 × 10⁻⁶ / k (20-100 ° C)	Kūpono no nā kūpono kūpono
ʻO keʻano o ka uila	~ 0.75 μ · · m	ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā mea kanu ferritic
ʻO Magnetic Permeibility	<1.02 (non-magnetic)	I ka hoʻonāʻana i kahi kūlana

5. Ka ho'ōlaʻana a me ka hana hana

Ka hoʻoiliʻana a me nā hiʻohiʻona hana o 1.4435 ʻO ke kila stiinless e hana i kahi mea waiwai nui loa, ʻO nā mea nui e koi ai i nāʻoihanaʻoihana.

Kona microstruc microstic, ʻO Titanium Stabilization, a me ke kāohiʻana i hāʻawiʻia e hāʻawi i nā formability maikaʻi loa, wawahua, a me ke kūlike me ka hana maʻamau a me ka hana hana wela wela.

Markinpalibility

1.4435 ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka salalless i ka mīkini ma mua o ka mīkini ferritic a iʻole mardetitic ma muli o kāna mau kiʻekiʻe hana kiʻekiʻe a paʻakikī.

Akā naʻe,, me nā mea hana kūpono a me nā'āpana kūpono, Loaʻaʻia ka hana machino.

Nā manaʻo nui:

• Hoao: E hoʻohana i nā mea kūʻai aku a iʻole nā ​​mea kila kila kiʻekiʻe a iʻole nā ​​mea kūʻai wikiwiki.
• ʻOki wikiwiki: Haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā kilokilo carbon e hōʻemi i ka hanauna wela a me nā mea hana.
• 'Ōpala: Ka hoʻohanaʻana i keʻano kiʻekiʻe, Ua noiʻiaʻo Sulfur-e pili ana i ka cooooon e hōʻemi i ka wela a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopauʻana.
• Chip Mole: Koi pono i ka nānāʻana ma muli o ke kauʻana; Hiki i nā mea luku Breakers ke hoʻonui i ka hana.

Ka helu matchinbility: Ma kahi o 50-55% hoʻohālikelike i hoʻohālikelikeʻia i ke kaʻa kaʻa kaʻaʻole (AISI 1212 baseline).

Ke kūkuluʻana a me ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana

1.4435 Hōʻike i ka maikaʻi a me ka wela wela no keʻano o keʻano assetetitic a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

• Keʻano anuanu: Kaʻina hana e like me ke kiʻi nui, kulou ana, a hiki ke hoʻokōʻia ka stamping me ka hoʻopunipuniʻole. Pono e koiʻia ka waena waena e hōʻoluʻolu i ka hana paʻakikī.
• Wela wela: Hana ma waena o 1100 ° C a me 900 ° C. Pono e hahaiʻia nā hana hope loa e ka wikiwiki e pale ai i ka nānāʻana i ka nānāʻana a me keʻano o keʻano.

Hoʻolālā tip: Pono e paleʻia e hōʻemi i ke kaumaha kūlohelohe a mālama i ka paleʻana i ke kū'ēʻana i nā'ōkuhi koʻikoʻi.

Welding

1.4435 heʻenehana no ka maikaʻi loa, i nā noi i nā noi e koi ana i ke kū'ēʻana i ka corrosior.

Hanaʻia kaʻikepili Titanium ma keʻano he mea hoʻohālikelike, Kāohi i ka chromium chromium carbide ma nā palena palaoa.

Haʻiʻia Welding Nā hana:

• Tig (Gtaw)
• Iaʻu (Kāmaʻa kikomua)
• Plasma arc welding
• XCE Metal ARC (Mma) me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea kiʻiʻoniʻoni haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa

Nā manaʻo noʻonoʻo:

• I ka nui o nā hihia, ʻAʻohe mea wela wela pono ia.
• Akā naʻe,, Hoʻoholo hōʻoluʻolu E hoʻohanaʻia e Rapid Roice e hoʻohanaʻia e hoʻihoʻi hou i ke kū'ēʻana i nāʻano koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi.

Maikaʻi maikaʻi: ʻO nā mea kiʻekiʻe maikaʻi loa me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā mea hoʻowalewale i hiki ke hoʻokōʻia, ʻOiai ma nā'āpana ikaika a paʻakikī paha.

ʻO ka hana wela

1.4435 ʻaʻole paʻakikī e ʻO ka hana wela Akā pane maikaʻi i ka hanaʻana i keʻano o ke kālepaʻana no ke kaumaha o ka relief a me nā microstructural reinement.

• Hoʻoholo hōʻoluʻolu: 1050-1120 ° C i ukaliʻia e Rapid wai wai a iʻole ka ea wela.
• Hopena: E hoʻokaʻawale i nā kikowaena kūlohelohe a iʻole nā ​​kaʻa, re-homogelizes i ka matrix, a me ka nānāʻana i ke kū'ēʻana.
• Ke kaumaha nei ke kaumaha: Hana ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (~ 450-600 ° C) E wehe i keʻano o ke kūlana a iʻole ke koʻikoʻi.

Ka hoʻopauʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana

Ma muli o konaʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe, 1.4435 Hāʻawi iā ia iho i kahi ākea ākea o nā mea kino kino, mea nui i loko o ka hygiene-koʻikoʻi a me nā noi aesthetic.

• Pickling a me ka uku: Ua noiʻia ma hope o ka hoʻohanaʻana a iʻole machining e hoʻihoʻi hou i kahi'āpana o ka chromium-waiwai.
• ʻO ka hoʻopololei: Hiki ke hoʻokō i nā aniani-like me ka hoʻopauʻana; Kūpono no nā meaʻai meaʻai a me nā lako hana lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Uilaiauliwi: E hoʻonui hou aku i ka paleʻana o Corrosion a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe no nā wahi maʻemaʻe.

6. 1.4435 Kila kohu ʻole: ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana i ke kaʻina hana hoʻololi hoʻololi

ʻO ka helu kila kila 1.4435 (X2crnimo18-14-3) ʻaʻole wale ia e kaulana no kona mau corrosior corrosioni e kū'ē ana a me nā mea hana me ka mea e hōʻike pū ai i kahi palapala e makemake ai.

Kona hui metallirgic, ʻO ka mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka titanium stabilization, aeʻae iā ia e hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ka hoʻopukapukaʻana i ke kūʻai akuʻana a me ke kauʻana i nāʻoihana kūʻaiʻana i hoʻohanaʻia ma nāʻano kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO keʻano kūpono me ke kāweleʻana

1.4435 nā hiʻohiʻona i kaʻike haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (≤0.03%) hui pū me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, e hana ana ia i ka mea liʻiliʻi e like me ka huki wela a me ka micro-segregation i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai.

ʻO ka hoʻohuiʻana o Matanium Stabilizes i ke kila i ka wā o nā mea nānā aku, ka ho'ēmiʻana i nā mea i hoʻopiliʻia i ka carbied-he hihia maʻamau i nā mea'ē aʻe i nā helu austenitic'ē aʻe.

Ke kīʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku:

• ʻO keʻano kūpono kūpono: E kāohi i ka hoʻomohalaʻana i ka ITUXITIC ATRIX a me nāʻike haʻahaʻa Δ-ferrite.
• Hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi: Haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā phosphorus pae e hōʻemi i ka hoʻokumuʻana i ka hoʻokumuʻana, ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana i nā'āpana.
• ʻO ka paʻakikī paʻakikī: ʻOiai i ka wā lohi i loko o nā hale kūʻai nui, Hoʻomaopopo ka T / C REITION E PILI ANA.

Kūpono no ka hoʻopukaʻana

Kāhaka kūʻai kūʻai ua kūpono loa ia no 1.4435 Ma muli o kāna micrstructure maikaʻi, ʻO ke kino ma lalo o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

Nā pōmaikaʻi kūʻai:

• Mālama i ka hana o net-ʻano a iʻole nā'āpana likeʻole, ka hoʻemiʻana i nā koi ma Post-Maching.
• Kūpono no nā geomet paʻakikī e like me nā mea hou, NA KEKI ANA, a me nā kumu maikaʻi loa.
• High hoʻopau i ka hopena, ʻoi aku ma hope o ka hoʻonuiʻana a iʻole nā ​​hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana.

Mau olelo:

• Mold moll mold preheating (a puni 1000-1100 ° C) koiʻia e mālama i ka wailima molten i ka molana a me ka hōʻemiʻana i nā mea kanu nani.
• Ke kōkua nei nā kumukūʻai hōʻoluʻolu e kōkua i ka hanaʻana i ka hoʻokumuʻana i ka hana hoʻowahāwahāʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i nā'āpana paʻahao.

Hoʻoponopono i nā mea kūʻai aku o Sand

No nā mea nui a iʻole nā ​​mea hoʻonohonoho, 1.4435 hiki ke hoʻokō maikaʻiʻia ma o ka papa o ka one.

Loaʻa:

• Mea waiwai no ka haʻahaʻa- i nā hana hana medium-voluum e holo ana i nā'āpana nui.
• ʻO Titanium Stoibilization e kū'ē i ka palena palena palena nui i loko o nā hana i hoʻopaʻaʻia.
• He kūpono no nā'āpana e like me nā kino kālepa wela, ʻO ka pākaukau o ka moku, a me nā hale kūʻai nani.

Mea paʻakikī & Miomi:

• ʻO nā microstructureʻo Coarser mai ka lohiʻana i keʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa-hiki ke hoʻonuiʻia kēia Hoʻoholo hōʻoluʻolu post-singing.
• Pono ole RIGOROR RIDLOAD mākaukau a me ka mālamaʻana I mea e pale ai i ka postity a me kaʻaelike.

ʻO ka shrinkge a me ka mālamaʻana i nā manaʻo hoʻolālā

E like me nā meaʻili austentitic'ē aʻe, 1.4435 Hōʻike i nā hōʻike kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i ka wā e pili ana i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana. Pono e kau inoaʻia kēia no ka hoʻolālā mold:

• Linear shrinkage: ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau mai 1.6-2.0%, Ke hilinaʻi nei ma Geometry a me ka wikiwiki.
• ʻO ke kū'ē wela: Hoʻonuiʻia e ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana a me ke kaulike a me ke kaulike o alloy no nā mea paʻa a iʻole nāʻano likeʻole.

ʻO nā hana mālama

• Hoʻoholo hōʻoluʻolu (1050-1120 ° C): Wehe i nā hana lua a hoʻihoʻi i ke kū'ēʻana.
• Pickling a me ka uku: Pono e wehe i ka scale tixide a hoʻohuli i ka papa hana passive.
• KUREENTREANKINING (Ndt): Pono pinepine i nā noi kiʻekiʻe (E.g., dye penetant a iʻole ka nānāʻana o ka radiographic) No ka hōʻoiaʻana i ke kāheaʻana i ke kūpaʻa.

7. Hoʻohana nā noi a me kaʻoihana

Ke kālepaʻana a me nā petrochemical:

E hoʻohana i nā pilina reactor, nā mea hana wela, a me nā'ōnaehana piping kahi e kū ai ka paleʻana o ke kuʻekuʻe kiʻekiʻe.

Marine a me waho:

Makemakeʻia i loko o nā housts, Nā Vilves, a ua hōʻikeʻia nā mea hoʻonohonoho i ka wai a me nā chrides.

Aila aila:

He kūpono no nā flanges, MatifalD, a me nā'āpana e pono ai e hana pono i nā wahi kūpono a me nā pae kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

Nā Mīkini Kūʻai Nui:

Hana no nā mea hana kaumaha a me nā mea hana kūkulu e koi ana i kahi kaulike o ka ikaika, paʻakikī, a me ke kū'ēʻana.

ʻO kaʻoihana olakino a me nāʻoihana meaʻai:

Hoʻohanaʻia ma nā wahi sterile a me nāʻano hygiennic, e like me nā mea e pili ana i nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea hana meaʻai, kahi e hoʻopau ai ka papa a me ka biocompatibility.

8. Pono ana o 1.4435 Kila kohu ʻole

1.4435 Kūlikeʻo Stainless Steel i waena o nā helu Austentitic ma muli o kahi kaulike kiʻekiʻe loa o ke kaulike nui o ka alloying a me ke kūpaʻa. ʻO kāna mau pōmaikaʻi e pili ana i ka hana a me ka hoʻokele waiwai i ka wā lōʻihi:

Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosion Corrosiotion

Me nā pae hoʻonui o ka chromium, Mybridelu, a me nitrogen, 1.4435 hōʻike ai ʻO ke kū'ē kū'ē e pitting, Kāleʻa Crenice Corrosioni, a me ka hoʻouka kauaʻana-i loko o ka chrlode-saturated a iʻole nā ​​wahi acidic.

ʻO nā mea iʻikeʻia

Nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a hāʻawi i nā ikaika, maikaʻi loa, and hikiʻole i ka paleʻana, ʻO ka hoʻokōʻana i ka hana ma Cryogenic, ikaika nui, a me nā mea e koi ana i nā wahi.

ʻO ka hoʻomauʻana

1.4435 Mālama i ka inctitural integrity ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe, me ʻO ka pale oxidation Mahalo i 850 ° C no nā manawa pōkole.

Hana ia i ka pilikia Mea Aloha Pūnaewele, Nā mea hana thermal, and nā'ōnaehana wai wela.

Hoʻohui i ka wellingtability

E hōʻoiaʻo Titanium Stabillization i kēlā 1.4435 pale aku i kaʻike i ka wā o ka wā, Kau i defect-free, corrosionion-resistant uld zones, ʻOiai ma nā wahi ākea ākea a iʻole nā ​​kūlana hana maʻamau.

ʻO ke ola ola e pono ai

ʻOiai ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai mua, 'ōlelo hōʻemi nui i ka mālamaʻana, hoʻoponopono hou, a me ka maikaʻiʻole unuhi i nā mālama kālā holoʻokoʻa ma nā mea hana a nā mea hana.

ʻO ka hana hana

1.4435 Kākoʻo Nā hana hana he nui, komo me ka hoʻopukapukaʻana, machining, hana, a he polish.

Hana kēia i kūpono nā geomet paʻakikī a me nā'āpana e koi ana i nā mea hana pololei a iʻole nā ​​mea aesthetics kiʻekiʻe.

9. Nā pilikia a me nā palena

ʻOiaiʻo kāna mau pono nui, 1.4435 Hōʻikeʻo Stiinless Steel:

Chlodide-indided style rorosion

I nā mahana ma luna o 60 ° C, nui loa ma ka acidic a iʻole nā ​​kūlana waiwai, ka pilikia o ʻO ke kūleʻaʻana o ke kalaʻana (SCC) hoʻonui, maʻamau ma lalo o ke kaumaha.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā paleʻana a me nāʻoihana lawelawe lawelawe ponoʻia.

NA NUI LELEI

ʻO ka helu wela wela i ka wā o ka uēʻana (oi aku ~ 1.5 kj / mm) hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻike naʻauao, HE HUI HOIA intergranur corrosior.

Ua hōʻike pinepine pinepineʻia nā Zeronad Zones haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a paʻakikī, e koi ana i ka mālamaʻana i ka mālama wela.

Machuning paʻakikī

Ka mea nui ʻO ka uku kiʻekiʻe-paʻakikī Hoʻonui i ka lole hāmeʻa, hōʻemi i nā uku hānai, a ho'āla i nā kumukūʻai mīkini.

Mea hana kūikawā, Nā'aoʻuhane hoʻokiʻekiʻe, a me ka uku haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e pono ai no ka pololei.

Nā palena palena kiʻekiʻe

Ka lawelaweʻana i loko o 550-850 ° C hiki ke alakaʻi i keʻano o ka sigma (a) hānō, ka hōʻemi nuiʻana i ka paʻakikī a me ka lōʻihi.

E hoʻomauʻia ka hana hoʻomau ma lalo o ka 450 ° C ināʻole ke kūʻana ma o ka hoʻopiliʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā.

ʻO nā kumu kūʻai kūʻai kiʻekiʻe

ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana o nā mea'ē aʻe e like me ka molybdenum a hoʻonui i ka uku kālā ma luna o 35% ua hoʻohālikelikeʻia 304 kila kohu ʻole.

Eia hou, ʻO ke kumukūʻai kumukūʻai o Nickel a me Molybdenum i nā mākeke honua e pili ana i ka loaʻaʻana o ke kumukūʻai kumukūʻai.

ʻO Galvanic Corrosions

I ka wā e hui pū ai me nā metala e like me ʻaihue kīwī I ka Marine a iʻole nā ​​meaʻona, Hiki i ke corrosionic corrosionion.

Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ka hoʻouka kauaʻana a hōʻemi i ka paleʻana i kaʻehaʻeha, pono i nā hoʻolālā insulation.

Nā Manaʻo Kūlana Kūlana

Launa Nā Kūlana Kūʻai-Kūʻai Kūʻai, hikiʻole ke hoʻopaʻaʻia.

Uilaiauliwi a iʻole e koi pinepineʻia ka kohoʻana e hoʻopau i ka hao hao a me ke aniani o ka microscopic.

10. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hou a me nā makemakeʻole

E like me ka hanaʻana o nāʻoihana, 1.4435 ʻO ke kila stielless e hoʻopiliʻia i loko o nā hopena o nā hanauna e pili ana ma o ka hana holomua, sustaintability, a me ka digitaliation:

Advanced Hoʻolaha Ho'ōla

Noiʻi noiʻi ʻO ka microtalloy me ka nitrogen a iʻole boron Eʻimi e hoʻomaikaʻi hou aku i nā pale kū'ē a me ka ikaika o ka mīkini.

Hiki i kēia mau hoʻololi ke hoʻonui Nā waiwai nui a lohi i ka asset o ka sigma-phase.

Hoʻohui me ka hana uila

ʻOihana Kahuna 4.0 hoʻokokoke e like me nā sminipel twipetion and ʻO ka hoʻohālike maoli-Optimize i ka mālamaʻana a me ka mālama wela no 1.4435, ka hoʻemiʻana i nā hemahema a hoʻonui i ka hāʻawiʻana i ka 30%.

ʻO ka mellitainble melliturgy

Hana maikaʻi, komo ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe haʻahaʻa-Carbon, scrap recycling, and pani paʻa paʻa, e hoʻokōʻia e hoʻemi i ka ikehu o ka ikehu e 15% I ka wā hana.

Nā meaʻenehana palekana

Ka hana o nā nanostruced, ʻO nā lole o Graphene, and Ke kūʻai aku nei i ka mea kūʻai ke hoʻohuli nei i ka hana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o 1.4435 Nā'āpana, ʻO nā mea nui i loko o nā'āpana biometical a me nā meaʻai.

ʻO nā hana hana hybrid

Mea hoʻohuiʻaha (AmU) hui me ʻO ke kaomiʻana o ka wela wela (Hip) a me ka hoʻonāʻana i ka hoʻohuiʻana i ka microstructural microstructural,

hoʻemi i ke kaumaha kaumaha a hoʻonui i ke ola momona, Key no Aerospace a me nā noi kūʻai.

ʻO ka mākeke ma waho

E noi ana i ka honua 1.4435 ua hanaʻia e ulu i a Cagr o 6-7% ma o 2030, e alakaʻiʻia e ka hana koʻikoʻi ma nā lāʻau kanu lāʻau, mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā hale kūʻai pono, and nā lako hana kiʻekiʻe.

11. Hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike me nā kumuwaiwai'ē aʻe

E hoʻomaopopo pono i ka waiwai a me ka hana hana o 1.4435 kila kohu ʻole (X2crnimo18-14-3), He mea nui ia e kū'ē iā ia i nā mea i hoʻohana pinepineʻia e nā mea kanu maʻamau maʻamau a me nā mea hoʻonaninani-corrosions.

Aia ma lalo kahi loiloi hoʻohālikelike e pili ana i nā hōʻailona hana nui e like me ke kū'ēʻana, ka ikaika ikaika, wawahua, a me ka kūpono no nā wahi koʻikoʻi.

ʻO ka pukaʻana i nā mea hoʻokūkū austeditic likeʻole

ʻO ke Kīkole Hoʻolālā Kīwī

• Kūwaho 1.4404 (316L):
  1.4435 hāʻawi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kū'ēʻana i ka hoʻopiliʻana a me ka hoʻopiliʻana, i loko o nā wahi waiwai-waiwai.
  ʻOiaiʻo 316l ke makemakeʻia no ka hoʻohana maʻamau, 1.4435 he kūpono kūpono no nā palapala koʻikoʻi e koi ana i ka hilinaʻi lōʻihi a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka corrosion kūloko.
• Kūwaho 1.4571 (316No):
  ʻO Titaniumʻelua, aka, 1.4435 he ʻoi aku kaʻoi aku o ka nusks, Hāʻawi iā ia i ke kū'ēʻana iā SCC a me Crevice Corrosion.
  Uaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻO nā'ōnaehana kiʻekiʻe a me nā'ōnaehana moana.
• Kūwaho 1.4539 (904L):
  904L a ʻO ke kū'ēʻana o Corrosion Ma muli o ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka molybdenum a me ke keleawe, E hele pū me ʻO nā kumukūʻai nui kiʻekiʻe loa a me ka ikaika o ka mīkini haʻahaʻa.
  1.4435 E hoʻokaʻawale i kahi kaulike ma waena o ke kumukūʻai a me ka hana hoʻoponopono, nui loa ma nā wahi ʻO ke kaula kaula a iʻole ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe he koi.

Hoʻohālikelike me nā mea kanu fuplex

12. Hopena

1.4435 ʻO nā mea kila stainless e hōʻike ana i kahi hopena koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi e hoʻonui ai i ka gap ma waena o nā helu holo mua a me nā helu austetitic.

Me kāna kaulike hoʻohui hoʻohui, maikaʻi loa, a me ka hana kūlike i ka hana ma nā wahi e koi ai,

ʻO ia ka mea i kohoʻia no nāʻoihana e koi ana i nā pae kiʻekiʻe loa o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hilinaʻi, a me ka nui.

E like me ka hanaʻana o nāʻenehana hana hana a me nā pono kiʻekiʻe e lilo i mau kaula, 1.4435 ua noho maikaʻiʻia e noho i kahi mea cor pernestone ma ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻO Biotechnology Piotechnology, a me nā noi kiʻekiʻe-Tech.

LangHe ʻO ke koho kūpono kūpono no kāu hana hana e pono ai inā makemakeʻoe i ka maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe kila kohu ʻole Nā huahana.

Kāhea iā mākou i kēia lā!